Table 1 Extracted data from included studies on gender dysphoria/transgender status and self-harming ideation/self-injurious behaviours

Arcelus et al. [48]

U.K

Transgender adolescents (grouped in No NSSI; Lifetime NSSI)

268

(< 25 year old)

x̄ = 19.9 ± 2.17

Individuals assigned female at birth (n = 121)

Individuals assigned male at birth (n = 136)

NSSI

Descriptive statistics

χ² (sex at birth)

N = 144 (53.7%) reporting no lifetime NSSI

N = 124 (46.3%) reporting lifetime NSSI

Lifetime NSSI vs. Lifetime Absence of NSSI

No significant difference in gender assigned at birth (χ² = 3.53, p < .06), with individuals assigned female at birth (n = 64) showing a trend toward more NSSI than individuals assigned male at birth (n = 56)

Current vs. non-current NSSI

Significantly more individuals assigned female at birth (n = 45) engaging in NSSI than individuals assigned male at birth (n = 30) (χ² = 7.09, p < .01)

Butler et al. [49]

U.K

Transgender adolescents, Other, Cisgender adolescents

8440

Male = 3625 Female = 4361 Other = 227

Transgender = 55

13–17–year old

Self-harm prevalence and ideation

χ²

Descriptive statistics

Significant difference between groups about rate of Self-harm thoughts χ²[12] = 805.73, p < .0005, Cramer’s V = 0.20)

None of the time

Trans = 17 (30.9%)

Other = 116 (51.1%)

Male = 2800 (77.2%)

Female = 2524 (57.9%)

All of the time

Trans = 19 (34.5%)

Other = 23 (10.1%)

Male = 26 (0.7%)

Female = 100 (2.3%)