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Table 2 Cross-sectional differences in overall and specific mental health problem within youth with conduct disorder with and without LPE specifier at baseline

From: Limited prosocial emotions (LPE) specifier in conduct disorder and offending behavior: findings from a 10-year prospective longitudinal study of juveniles in residential care

 

CD-LPE-

CD-LPE + 

  
 

M (SD)

M (SD)

Test-statistic

p

Self-reported mental health problems (N = 133; ASEBA)

 General psychopathology

62.88 (10.35)

63.25 (10.22)

t(125.12) = − 0.21

p = 0.834

 Internalizing problems

58.5 (11.34)

58.07 (11.41)

t(124.18) = 0.22

p = 0.828

 Externalizing problems

63.3 (9.47)

64.92 (11.18)

t(113.77) = -0.89

p = 0.377

Professional caregiver-reported mental health problems (N = 134; ASEBA)

 General psychopathology

66.84 (7.72)

65.59 (6.79)

t(129.72) = 0.99

p = 0.325

 Internalizing problems

61.95 (9.22)

61.64 (8.58)

t(127.85) = 0.19

p = 0.846

 Externalizing problems

67.28 (8.82)

66.19 (7.68)

t(129.94) = 0.77

p = 0.445

 

N (%)

N (%)

Test-statistic

p

Any personality disorders (PD; SKID-II; N = 133)

13 (18.1%)

25 (41%)

χ2 = 7.420, df = 1

p = 0.006 **

 Cluster A PD

2 (2.7%)

12 (19.7%)

χ2 = 8.774, df = 1

Fisher’s p < 0.001 ***

 Cluster B PD

8 (10.7%)

22 (36.1%)

χ2 = 11.188, df = 1

p < 0.001 ***

 Cluster C PD

1 (1.3%)

5 (8.2%)

χ2 = 2.306, df = 1

Fisher’s p = 0.089

  1. ASEBA Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment; Cluster A = paranoid, schizotypal, and schizoid PDs; Cluster B = Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Antisocial PD; Insecure, Dependent and Obsessive–Compulsive PDs. Percentages are reported per column thus those with and without PD equal 100%