Caregiver-child interaction as an effective tool for identifying autism spectrum disorder: evidence from EEG analysis

Table 1 The demographic and clinical (mean (SE)) characteristics of three groups

	ASD children with DD group	ASD children without DD group	TD children group	F-Value	P
N	23	17	45
Female (%)	4 (17.4)	1 (5.9)	22 (48.9)	6.906	0.002^ab
Age	4.87 (0.18)	4.80 (0.26)	4.98 (0.15)	0.692	0.504
P_IQ	55.13 (1.91)	85.88 (3.74)	87.53 (3.92)	30.311	< 0.001^ac
V_IQ	47.91 (1.38)	67.12 (4.85)	77.65 (2.41)	31.117	< 0.001^ac
FSIQ	48.52 (1.33)	82.22 (4.55)	91.30 (2.26)	112.132	< 0.001^ac
ADOS-CSS	6.96 (0.45)	7.06 (0.47)		-0.158	0.875
SRS	93.22 (4.86)	85.31 (4.80)		2.061	0.159
Social awareness	11.13 (0.58)	10.88 (0.46)		0.103	0.750
Social cognition	19.17 (1.14)	16.62 (0.76)		2.846	0.100
Social communication	32.96 (1.64)	30.50 (1.88)		0.953	0.335
Social motivation	15.00 (0.97)	13.88 (0.89)		0.666	0.420
Autistic mannerisms	14.96 (1.38)	13.44 (1.42)		0.559	0.459
CARS	35.87 (3.67)	34.15 (3.04)		2.485	0.123
Social Impairment	23.46 (0.66)	22.63 (1.63)		0.305	0.584
Negative Emotionality	6.63 (0.187)	6.19 (0.452)		1.439	0.238
Distorted Sensory Response	6.89 (0.26)	6.75 (0.50)		0.038	0.847

Notes: Values for age and all clinical test scores are presented as mean (SE). Abbreviations: ASD, autism spectrum disorder; DD, developmental delay; TD, typically developing; P_IQ, performance Intelligence Quotient; V_IQ, verbal Intelligence Quotient; FSIQ, full scale Intelligence Quotient; ADOS-CSS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule- Calibrated Severity Score; SRS, Social Responsiveness Scale; CARS, Childhood Autism Rating Scale. ^a, Significant difference between ASD children with DD group and TD group. ^b, Significant difference between ASD children without DD group and TD group. ^c, Significant difference between ASD children with DD group and ASD children without DD group. All p values are adjusted for multiple comparison (Bonferroni)

ISSN: 1753-2000