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Table 1 Demographic and clinical variables stratified by screening results for anxiety and depression, unadjusted data

From: Outpatient screening for anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents with type 1 diabetes - a cross-sectional survey

Variable

Total

(n = 2,394)

Screening positive (n = 723)

Screening negative (n = 1,671)

p-value

Sociodemographic data

    

Male sex

50.6% (n = 1,213)

34.0% (n = 246)

57.9% (n = 967)

< 0.0001

Age, years, mean (SD)

15.4 (2.0)

15.7 (2.1)

15.3 (2.0)

< 0.0001

Diabetes duration, years, mean (SD)

6.4 (4.1)

6.8 (4.1)

6.2 (4.1)

0.011

Migration background

20.6% (n = 494)

25.0% (n = 181)

18.7% (n = 313)

0.006

BMI-SDS, mean (SD)

(total n = 2,316)

0.63 (1.03)

0.75 (1.01)

0.57 (1.04)

0.0004

Overweight, BMI > P90*

(total n = 2,316)

26.1% (n = 605)

31.5% (n = 220)

23.8% (n = 385)

0.002

Diabetes specific data

    

HbA1c, mean (SD) [%]

[mmol/mol]

7.6 (1.4)

59.5 (14.9)

7.9 (1.5)

62.9 (16.0)

7.5 (1.3)

58.0 (14.1)

< 0.0001

MDI

46.1% (n = 1,103)

44.3% (n = 320)

46.9% (n = 783)

1.0

CSII

40.2% (n = 963)

41.1% (n = 297)

39.9% (n = 666)

1.0

AID

8.3% (n = 199)

9.1% (n = 66)

8.0% (n = 133)

1.0

CGM

80.8% (n = 1,934)

81.5% (n = 589)

80.5% (n = 1,345)

1.0

Severe hypoglycemia

(≤ 3 months)

1.2% (n = 28)

1.5% (n = 11)

1.0% (n = 17)

1.0

Comorbidities

    

Previous/current depressive disorder

3.7% (n = 89)

8.0% (n = 58)

1.9% (n = 31)

< 0.0001

Previous /current anxiety disorder

1.6% (n = 38)

2.8% (n = 20)

1.1% (n = 18)

0.026

Diagnosis of AD(H)D

3.3% (n = 80)

5.0% (n = 36)

2.6% (n = 44)

0.034

Diagnosis of schizophrenia, borderline, psychosis

2.7% (n = 65)

5.5% (n = 40)

1.5% (n = 25)

< 0.0001

Celiac disease

6.4% (n = 152)

6.5% (n = 47)

6.3% (n = 105)

1.0

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

7.4% (n = 176)

9.4% (n = 68)

6.5% (n = 108)

0.102

Hypothyroidism

9.1% (n = 218)

9.1% (n = 66)

9.1% (n = 152)

1.0

Thyroid autoantibody

(total n = 2,097)

18.4% (n = 385)

20.5% (n = 130)

17.4% (n = 255)

0.796

Self-harm or suicidal ideations

(PHQ-9, item 9 ≥ 1)

11.3% (n = 270)

32.4% (n = 234)

2.2% (n = 36)

< 0.0001

Lifestyle factors

    

Smoking

(total n = 1,353)

3.0% (n = 41)

5.3% (n = 23)

2.0% (n = 18)

0.012

Sports participation

(total n = 1,383)

58.4% (n = 807)

50.6% (n = 222)

62.0% (n = 585)

0.001

  1. The total number was 2394 unless stated otherwise. Mean (SD), percentage (%), and number or total number (n). *defined by reference data from Kromeyer et al., 2001 [19]. AD(H)D = attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder
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Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

ISSN: 1753-2000