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Table 2 Summary of Efficacy Measures – Change from Baseline to Endpoint

From: Acute atomoxetine treatment of younger and older children with ADHD: A meta-analysis of tolerability and efficacy

   

Baseline

Change

Vs. Placebo

Subgroup

Treatment by Subgroup

Measure

Subgroup (yrs)

Tx

N

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

ES

p Valuea

p Valueb

p Valueb

ADHD-RS Total

6–7

ATX

176

42.8

7.9

-14.2

13.8

.77

< .001

.001

.316

  

PBO

91

43.2

6.6

-4.6

10.4

    
 

8–12

ATX

520

40.4

8.7

-15.4

13.2

.65

< .001

  
  

PBO

303

40.0

8.2

-7.3

12.0

    

ADHD-RS Total T-Score

6–7

ATX

176

83.3

9.6

-15.2

14.8

.75

< .001

.003

.346

  

PBO

91

83.1

8.5

-4.9

11.2

    
 

8–12

ATX

520

81.5

11.4

-16.4

14.6

.63

< .001

  
  

PBO

303

81.1

10.9

-7.9

13.1

    

ADHD-RS Inattentive

6–7

ATX

176

21.9

3.8

-7.2

7.5

.71

< .001

.043

.439

  

PBO

91

22.1

3.7

-2.4

5.7

    
 

8–12

ATX

520

22.4

3.7

-8.0

7.4

.59

< .001

  
  

PBO

303

22.3

3.9

-3.9

6.7

    

ADHD-RS Hyper/Impulsive

6–7

ATX

176

20.9

5.6

-7.0

7.2

.76

< .001

< .001

.257

  

PBO

91

21.2

4.5

-2.1

5.4

    
 

8–12

ATX

520

18.0

6.7

-7.3

7.0

.62

< .001

  
  

PBO

303

17.7

6.3

-3.4

6.3

    

CGI-ADHD-S

6–7

ATX

176

5.0

0.8

-1.2

1.3

.62

< .001

.010

.800

  

PBO

91

5.0

0.7

-0.5

0.9

    
 

8–12

ATX

520

4.9

0.8

-1.4

1.3

.59

< .001

  
  

PBO

304

4.9

0.8

-0.7

1.1

    

CPRS-R:S ADHD Index

6–7

ATX

83

27.5

6.0

-7.1

11.2

.50

.009

.723

.422

  

PBO

42

28.6

5.0

-3.2

8.4

    
 

8–12

ATX

290

27.3

6.0

-8.1

8.7

.74

< .001

  
  

PBO

188

27.1

6.1

-2.1

8.5

    

CPRS-R:S Cognitive

6–7

ATX

83

13.7

3.5

-3.6

6.0

.41

.033

.614

.334

  

PBO

41

14.0

3.3

-1.6

4.8

    
 

8–12

ATX

289

13.9

3.8

-4.0

5.1

.69

< .001

  
  

PBO

188

13.9

3.8

-0.8

5.2

    

CPRS-R:S Hyperactive

6–7

ATX

83

12.4

4.3

-3.9

5.7

.56

.004

.095

.753

  

PBO

42

13.3

3.2

-1.6

4.9

    
 

8–12

ATX

290

10.4

5.1

-4.1

4.5

.72

< .001

  
  

PBO

188

10.1

4.8

-1.1

4.0

    

CPRS-R:S Oppositional

6–7

ATX

83

9.4

4.6

-1.9

5.4

.31

.104

.256

.090

  

PBO

42

8.3

5.0

0.1

3.8

    
 

8–12

ATX

290

8.7

4.7

-1.4

4.2

.05

.620

  
  

PBO

188

8.8

4.6

-1.2

4.1

    
  1. Abbreviations: ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ADHD-RS = ADHD Rating Scale-IV; ANCOVA = analysis of covariance;
  2. ATX = atomoxetine; CPRS-R:S = Conners' Parent Rating Scale-revised; CGI-ADHD-S = Clinical Global Impression of ADHD Severity scale;
  3. ES = effect size; PBO = placebo; SD = standard deviation.
  4. ap values comparing ATX vs. PBO by subgroup are based on an ANCOVA on change from baseline scores with terms for baseline, protocol, and treatment.
  5. bp values for subgroup and treatment-by-subgroup interaction are based on an ANCOVA on change from baseline scores with terms for baseline, protocol, treatment, subgroup, and treatment-by-subgroup interaction.