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Table 1 Prevalence Estimates of NSSI in Adolescents by Year of Publication

From: International prevalence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm

Study

N-size

Age Range M (SD)*

Assessmenta

Lifetime Prevalence %

12-Month Prevalence %

6-Month Prevalence %

Country

Csorba et al. (2005) [25]

470

14-18

Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory

5.5

  

Hungary

Laye-Gindhu & SchonertReichl (2005) [26]

424

15.34 (1.06)

Single Itemb - Yes/No

13.2

  

Canada

Izutsu et al. (2006) [27]

477

14.2

Single Item - Yes/No

8.4

  

Japan

Muehlenkamp & Gutierrez (2007) [28]

540

15.53 (1.42)

SHBQ

23.2

  

USA

Lloyd-Richardson et al. (2007) [29]

633

15.5 (1.18)

FASM

28

  

USA

Yates et al. (2008) [30]

1,036

Grade 9-12

FASM

 

37.2

 

USA

Matsumoto et al. (2008) [31]

1,726

14.5 (1.4)

Single Item - Yes/No

9.6

  

Japan

Hilt et al. (2008) [32]

508

Grade 6-8

Single Item - Yes/No

 

7.5

 

USA

Nixon et al (2008) [33]

568

14-21

Single Item - Yes/No

16.9

  

Canada

Plener et al. (2009) [19]

665

14.8 (0.66)

SHBQ

25.6

  

Germany

Laukkanen et al. (2009) [34]

4,205

13-18

Single Item - Yes/No

11.5

  

Finland

Muehlenkamp et al. (2009) [22]

1,393

15.48 (1.38)

SHBQ

21.4

  

USA

Lam et al. (2009) [35]

1,618

13-18

Behavior Check List

  

16.3

China

Ross et al. (2009) [36]

440

15.39 (1.07)

Single Item - interview

13.9

  

Canada

Brausch & Gutierrez (2010) [37]

373

15.04 (1.05)

SHBQ

21.2

  

USA

Martin et al. (2010) [38]

1203

15-19yr

Single Item - Yes/No

14.1

  

Australia

Hasking et al. (2010) [39]

393

13-18

Behavior Check List

 

33.3

 

Australia

Claes et al. (2010) [40]

150

15.56 (2.00)

Self-Harm Inventory (SHI)

30.7

  

Belgium

Hankin & Abela (2010) [41]

97

13-16

FASM

 

18

 

USA

Hay & Meldrum (2010) [42]

426

15 (2.8)

Single Item - 4 point scale

17.7

  

USA

Prinstein et al. (2010) [43]

377

Grade 6-8

Single Item - 6 point scale

 

7.4

 

USA

Baetens et al. (2011a) [44]

1,417

15.13 (1.76)

Single Item - Yes/No

13.71

  

Belgium

Baetens et al. (2011b) [45]

251

16.41 (1.26)

Self-Harm Inventory (SHI)

29.9

  

Belgium

You et al. (2011a) [46]

2,435

14.63 (1.25)

12 NSSI behaviors

 

24.9

13.9

China

Taliaferro et al. (in press) [10]

61,767

Grade 9 & 12

Single Item - Yes/No

 

7.3

 

USA

You et al. (2011b) [47]

6,374

14.72 (1.94)

5 NSSI Behaviors

15

  

China

Mohl & Skandsen (2011) [48]

2,864

High school

Single-Item - Yes/No

21.5

16.2

 

Denmark

  1. Note: * Standard Deviations and mean ages were not always reported within sample descriptions. a SHBQ = Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire, FASM = Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation; b The most common single item wording was: "Have you ever intentionally hurt yourself on purpose (e.g, cut, burn) without wanting to die" or "Have you every hurt yourself on purpose without suicidal intent?"