Table 1 Child and family demographic background (n = 474)
Time 1 variables | M (SD) or % |
|---|---|
Child age | 4.59 (0.33) |
Child Gender Female | 51% |
Family receives means-tested government pension/benefit | 40.3% |
Mother was adolescent (<21) when child born | 7.2% |
Father was adolescent (<21) when child born | 2.0% |
Child currently lives in a single parent family | 12.9% |
Child has 3 or more siblings living in home | 8.9% |
Number of stressful family life events in the last year | 0.90 (1.17) |
Parental psychological distress (GHQ) score | 1.41 (2.49) |
     Above GHQ clinical cut-off | 39.1% |
Number of years child lived separate from one (or both) natural parents a | 0.50 (1.28) |
Mother’s education level b | 2.51 (1.07) |
     Completed university qualifications | 20.3% |
     Technical, trade, or further education (TAFE) certificate | 33.4% |
     Completed high school Year 12 or equivalent | 21.6% |
     Completed some years of high school or less | 24.7% |
Father’s education level b | 2.65 (1.03) |
     Completed university qualifications | 11.2% |
     Technical, trade, or TAFE certificate or some university | 42.7% |
     Completed high school Year 12 or equivalent | 15.9% |
     Completed some years of high school or less | 30.3% |
Family paid employment level b | 1.74 (0.99) |
     Two parents employed full-time | 6.3% |
     One parent full-time and one part-time | 38.0% |
     One parent full-time or 2 parents part-time | 39.9% |
     One parent part-time | 7.2% |
     Both parents unemployed or an unemployed single parent | 8.6% |