Table 3 Selected studies on prevalence of ADHD in China
From: Current state and recent developments of child psychiatry in China
Time | Region | Definition | Age (years) | Screening (Diagnostic) Instrument | Sample size | Prevalence (%)* | Age group with the highest prevalence (years) | Gender ratio (M: F) | Other risk factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | Beijing | ADD | 6-13 | Self made questionnaire (ICD-9) | 2770 | 5.8 (N/A) | 9 | 7 (P < 0.05) | Lower educational level of the parents |
1983 | Hebei | ADD | 6-13 | Self made questionnaire (DSM-III) | 1588 | 3.3 (N/A) | N/A | 4.8 (P < 0.05) | N/A |
2003 | Guilin | ADHD | 5-12 | Conners (DSM-IV) | 9162 | 4.25 (C 1.44, I 1.00, HI 1.81) | 8-9 | 2.18 (P < 0.05) | Birth injury, Lower educational level of parents |
2007 | 6 cities in Northeast | ADHD | 6-12 | Self made questionnaire (DSM-IV) | 1051 | 5.4 (C 1.14, I 0.67, HI 3.6) | 9 | 1.6 | No different between city and rural areas. Lower education level of parents |
2009 | Shanghai | ADHD | 5-15 | 19 item questionnaire (DSM-IV) | 5648 | 4.6 (C 1.8, I 2.4, HI 0.4) | 6-7 | 2.41 (P < 0.05) | N/A |
2010 | Shenzhen | ADHD | 7-13 | Conners PSQ and TRS (DSM-IV) | 8193 | 5.39 (C 3.73, I 1.21, HI 0.45) | 5-6 | 2.94 (P < 0.05) | N/A |
2011 | Sichuan | ADHD | 6-16 | 19 item questionnaire (DSM-IV) | 2350 | 4.81 (C 1.40, I 2.64, HI 0.77) | 6-7 | 2.53 (P < 0.05) | Positive family history, Birth injury, Less parental care |
2014 | Xinjiang | ADHD | 6-14 | Conners PSQ (DSM-IV) | 2066 | 4.7%(C 1.54, I 2.42, HI 0.73) | N/A | 2.03 (P < 0.05) | N/A |