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Table 3 Parents’ mean scores (and standard deviations) on the DASS-21 and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for group comparisons

From: Parenting behavior in families of female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury in comparison to a clinical and a nonclinical control group

Group

Overall score

Depression

Anxiety

Stress

M (SD)

Cohen’s d

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

Mothers

NSSI (n = 36)

26.26 (19.60)

 

7.38 (8.80)

7.16 (10.8)

13.06 (7.18)

CC (n = 22)

17.80 (16.06)

 

5.00 (5.78)

2.62 (5.22)

11.09 (7.22)

NC (n = 34)

11.71 (11.73)

 

2.59 (4.02)

2.08 (2.78)

7.52 (5.85)

NSSI vs. CC

 

0.47

   

NSSI vs. NC

 

0.91

   

CC vs. NC

 

0.46

   

Fathers

NSSI (n = 9)

28.44 (16.66)

 

6.66 (5.92)

5.33 (6.40)

16.44 (5.90)

CC (n = 5)

14.00 (15.17)

 

3.20 (3.63)

1.60 (2.19)

9.20 (9.86)

NC (n = 10)

11.11 (14.04)

 

2.60 (5.74)

1.40 (2.12)

6.80 (6.61)

NSSI vs. CC

 

0.96

   

NSSI vs. NC

 

1.20

   

CC vs. NC

 

0.22

   
  1. DASS-21 Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21; NSSI Adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury; CC clinical controls (adolescents with other mental disorders); NC nonclinical controls (adolescents without mental disorders)