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Table 2 ANCOVA of ASR (Adult Self-Report) and MFQ (Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) scores for the different bullying involvement groups (Total N = 1266) adjusted for gender and parent SES-level and baseline mental health score

From: The long-term effects of being bullied or a bully in adolescence on externalizing and internalizing mental health problems in adulthood

Outcomes

Non-involved (1) M (SD)

Being bullied (2) M (SD)

Bully–victim (3) M (SD)

Aggressive toward others (4) M (SD)

P value

Post-hoc comparisona

N

982

158

39

87

  

ASR total problems (range 0–240)

30.27 (23.70)

39.70 (25.34)

46.41 (31.23)

39.68 (30.47)

0.057

N.S

ASR externalizing problems (range 0–74)

6.53 (6.37)

8.68 (6.23)

10.38 (7.83)

9.46 (7.84)

0.060

N.S

ASR internalizing problems (range 0–80)

10.79 (10.22)

14.94 (11.79)

16.84 (15.47)

13.75 (13.06)

0.055

N.S

ASR attention problems (range 0–30)

5.39 (4.24)

6.30 (4.19)

8.22 (5.78)

6.63 (5.15)

0.239

N.S

ASR critical items (range 0–38)

2.89 (3.10)

3.91 (3.10)

5.14 (4.19)

4.21 (4.35)

0.008

N.S

MFQ depressive symptoms (0–68)

9.05 (11.13)

13.36 (13.61)

12.68 (13.16)

12.36 (13.86)

<0.001

1 < 2

  1. Baseline mental health score for ASR(T4); YSR total problem score (T1), baseline mental health score for MFQ(T4); baseline MFQ score (T1)
  2. aHochberg’s step-up correction