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Table 1 Protocol of a stepwise approach: problem-oriented interventions: social-emotional, eating, motility

From: An adolescent with significant emotional and medically unexplained complaints: case report and proposal of an intervention

Day

Safety

Social-emotional

Eating

Motility

Autonomy

1

Bedside evaluation mental state antipsychotic medication

Crying, retching

Passive: infusion

Sits in bed if supported

 

2

Build alliance with family, establish supportive relationship with patient

Nurse gets in contact with patient, offers contact, occupation at frequent short intervals

Infusion

Continued, able to sit alone in bed

Patient decides when to stop (some minutes)

3

Weight control, check caloric supply nasogastric tube

Breathing exercises by nurse, explore cognition: how does it feel in your stomach? Cognitive stimulation: school work at bedside

Sensory input, water in mouth without swallowing, mashed soup via tube, initially administered by nurse, then by father

Sensory input wash feet twice a day by father

Breathe slowly for self regulation reflection on inner state

4

Weight gain, antipsychotic medication stopped

Occupation continued, variety of tasks

Continued

Sits at bedside for a moment

Crying diminishes

5

 

Continued variety of tasks, longer attention span

 

Continued

Crying stops, is getting calm

6

Safe relationship to nurse

Praised by family and professionals

Active: able to swallow liquid

 

Active intake of food—very proud

7

 

Takes part in group painting

 

Sits in group at table

 

8

  

Active: eats solid food nasogastric tube removed

Passive: massage of legs; active: guided movements, relaxation exercises

Expresses wish for favourite food, active movements of legs despite being anxious

9

 

Occupation for 1 h needle work fast, skilful

 

Able to sit in group for 1 h, stands with support

Able to ask for material, persists on own ideas in painting, able to say no, assertive behaviour, confident

10

   

Some steps on her own without support