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Table 3 Descriptive statistics on SFS scales (T2, child’s age 6 months), CBCL 1½ to 5 scales (T5, child’s age 3 years), EAS scales (T5), ADS (T5) and PSI-Scales (T5)

From: The link between infant regulatory problems, temperament traits, maternal depressive symptoms and children’s psychopathological symptoms at age three: a longitudinal study in a German at-risk sample

 

Intervention group, M (SD)

Comparison group, M (SD)

Comparison between groups (U test)

Normal distribution (whole group) (K-S-Z)

SFS crying, whining and sleep problems T2

1.54 (.31)

1.56 (.30)

ns

***

n = 143

n = 150

SFS feeding problems T2

1.22 (.29)

1.23 (.29)

ns

***

n = 143

n = 150

CBCL internalizing problems T5

9.40 (6.30)

7.48 (6.11)

*

+

n = 77

n = 83

CBCL externalizing problems T5

12.66 (8.25)

11.56 (7.58)

ns

ns

n = 82

n = 87

EAS emotionality T5

2.63 (.85)

2.64 (.82)

ns

***

n = 89

n = 92

EAS activity T5

4.14 (.64)

4.05 (.64)

ns

***

n = 89

n = 92

EAS sociability T5

3.85 (.58)

3.81 (.56)

ns

***

n = 89

n = 92

EAS shyness T5

2.20 (.70)

2.24 (.70)

ns

***

n = 88

n = 92

ADS (mothers) T5

13.84 (9.69)

13.68 (10.17)

ns

***

n = 89

n = 91

PSI parental distress T5

2.17 (.77)

2.26 (.86)

ns

***

n = 92

n = 92

PSI dysfunctional parent–child interaction T5

1.58 (.50)

1.54 (.46)

ns

***

n = 92

n = 92

PSI difficult child T5

2.05 (.71)

2.09 (.65)

ns

***

n = 91

n = 92

  1. SFS questionnaires on crying, feeding and sleeping, CBCL child behavior checklist, EAS emotionality-activity-sociability-temperament survey, ADS Allgemeine Depressionsskala, PSI parental stress index, K-S-Z Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, U test Mann–Whitney-U test, ns not significant
  2. * p ≤ .05
  3. ** p ≤ .01
  4. *** p ≤ .001
  5. +p ≤ .10