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Table 1 Exploratory factor analysis of the CPCS (N = 797)

From: Children’s Perceived Competence Scale: reevaluation in a population of Japanese elementary and junior high school students

Item no. Contents M (SD) Skewness
Total Boys Girls Gender difference
  Cognitive
1  Among the best at studying 2.44 (1.00) 2.45 (1.01) 2.43 (1.00) t (791) = .3 − .0
5  Poor at studying (R) 2.41 (1.11) 2.42 (1.13) 2.40 (1.09) t (793) = .2 .1
9  You are one of the cleverest 2.20 (1.02) 2.19 (1.02) 2.21 (1.02) t (794) = .2 .2
13  Your grades are bad (R) 2.51 (1.09) 2.45 (1.13) 2.57 (1.05) t (791.9) = 1.5 − .1
17  Finish your homework quickly 2.71 (1.07) 2.73 (1.12) 2.68 (1.02) t (791.2) = .6 − .3
21  Understand school lessons well 2.98 (.92) 2.97 (1.00) 2.99 (.85) t (788.3) = .3 − .6
25  Unable to answer questions (R) 2.82 (.98) 2.77 (1.04) 2.88 (.91) t (789.0) = 1.6 − .5
29  Attempt challenging problems 2.82 (1.07) 2.86 (1.09) 2.78 (1.05) t (792) = 1.1 − .4
33  Get good scores in exams 2.32 (1.02) 2.33 (1.03) 2.31 (1.03) t (794) = .4 .1
37  Express your opinions in class 2.41 (1.11) 2.54 (1.12) 2.27 (1.09) t (795) = 3.5 .1
  Social
2  Have many friends 3.36 (.83) 3.39 (.83) 3.31 (.82) t (793) = 1.3 − 1.2
6  You are popular in your class 2.04 (.90) 2.11 (.94) 1.96 (.86) t (794.6) = 2.4* .4
10  Teased by your friends? (R) 3.32 (.94) 3.26 (1.00) 3.38 (.89) t (790.8) = 1.8 − 1.2
14  Nobody worries when you are absent (R) 2.72 (1.00) 2.72 (1.00) 2.72 (1.00) t (794) = .1 − .3
18  Easy to make friends 2.69 (1.11) 2.74 (1.09) 2.63 (1.13) t (793) = 1.4 − .3
22  Friends invite you to play 3.08 (1.00) 3.09 (1.00) 3.07 (.95) t (795) = .4 − .8
26  You are the hub of the class 2.12 (1.00) 2.16 (.98) 2.08 (.93) t (791) = 1.3 .4
30  You are liked by your friends 2.65 (1.00) 2.65 (.97) 2.65 (.94) t (792) = .0 − .4
34  People do not pay much attention to you (R) 3.25 (.86) 3.20 (.89) 3.31 (.83) t (790) = 1.9 − 1.1
38  People will feel sad if change school 2.82 (1.00) 2.76 (1.02) 2.88 (.98) t (791.8) = 1.7 − .5
  Physical
3  Good at sports 2.81 (1.06) 2.95 (1.01) 2.65 (1.09) t (780.0) = 4.0*** − .4
7  Confidence in new sports 2.43 (1.08) 2.53 (1.07) 2.32 (1.08) t (793) = 2.8** .1
11  Chosen for the sports meets 2.12 (1.15) 2.17 (1.18) 2.07 (1.11) t (793.0) = 1.1 .5
15  Prefer watching rather than participating in sports (R) 2.94 (1.20) 3.05 (1.19) 2.82 (1.21) t (785.4) = 2.7** − .6
19  Interested in trying new sports 2.83 (1.16) 2.90 (1.15) 2.75 (1.17) t (794) = 1.8 − .4
23  Dislike PE (R) 3.28 (1.00) 3.43 (.91) 3.13 (1.02) t (771.9) = 4.3*** − 1.2
27  Poor at sports 2.94 (1.16) 3.12 (1.09) 2.76 (1.19) t (776.3) = 4.5*** − .6
31  Not lose to friends at sports 2.33 (1.09) 2.43 (1.08) 2.23 (1.09) t (793) = 2.7** .2
35  Amongst the best at sports 2.53 (1.05) 2.60 (1.15) 2.33 (1.33) t (792) = 3.3** − 1.4
39  Prefer not to be seen by others when you do sports (R) 2.91 (1.14) 3.02 (1.13) 2.79 (1.14) t (794) = 2.9** − .6
  General self-worth
4  Have self-confidence 2.48 (1.00) 2.54 (.89) 2.40 (1.00) t (791) = 2.0* .0
8  Do things better than others 2.34 (.92) 2.42 (.92) 2.25 (.92) t (792) = 2.5* .1
12  Have a lot of things to be proud of 2.20 (1.00) 2.29 (1.04) 2.10 (.94) t (793.0) = 2.7** .4
16  Does not go well whatever you do (R) 2.89 (1.01) 2.97 (1.03) 2.82 (1.00) t (791) = 2.1* − .6
20  Satisfied with the way you are now 2.39 (1.09) 2.45 (1.10) 2.34 (1.07) t (795) = 1.4 .1
24  Will surely become a great person 1.84 (.94) 1.94 (1.00) 1.73 (.89) t (791) = 3.1** .9
28  Not a useful person (R) 2.63 (1.00) 2.68 (.88) 2.58 (.95) t (795) = 1.4 − .3
32  Have confidence in your own opinion 2.51 (1.06) 2.60 (1.07) 2.42 (1.05) t (788) = 2.4* .0
36  Have few good points (R) 2.53 (1.06) 2.54 (1.09) 2.52 (.99) t (792.8) = .2 − .1
40  Worried about whether or not you fail (R) 2.37 (1.15) 2.52 (1.17) 2.22 (1.10) t (794.0) = 3.7*** .2
  1. R reversed
  2. * P < .05; ** P < .01; *** P < .001
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Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

ISSN: 1753-2000