Skip to main content

Table 1 Child physical abuse variables from the questionnaire Liv & Hälsa ung 2011 (Life & Health Young) and eligible answer options

From: Child physical abuse: factors influencing the associations between self-reported exposure and self-reported health problems: a cross-sectional study

Item

Answer options

Coded responsesa

Have you been slapped on the ear/been beaten by an adult?

No

Yes, once

Yes, several times

No

Yes

Yes

How often and by whom have you been slapped on the ear/been beaten?a,c

Never, by mother, father, mothers partner, fathers partner, another adult

Yes, once or twice by mother, father, mothers partner, fathers partner, another adult

Yes, several times by mother, father, mothers partner, fathers partner, another adult

Frequency was coded as low if the child answered “once or twice” and high if the child answered more than twice

Perpetrator was coded mother, father, stepparent. If the child only answered “another adult” answers were excluded

In what way have you been beaten by an adult?b

Been slapped on the ear, been shaken, pulled by the hair

Lighter beatings with the hand/fist

Harder beatings with the hand/fist

Beaten with a stick or a belt

Another way

Severe abuse was coded if the child answered that he or she had been exposed to harder beatings with hand/fist and/or had been beaten with an object

Have you told anyone that you have been slapped on the ear/been beaten?b

Yes, told siblings, peers, girlfriend or boyfriend

Yes, told parent/other close adult

Yes, told school staff, social services, police, health care personnel or similar

No

Not told any authority was indicated if the child did not choose this answer option

Has this (that you have been slapped on the ear/been beaten) occurred during the last 12 months?

Yes

No

Last year exposure was codes if the child answered yes

  1. aDichotomized coded items
  2. bResponse options are multiple choice
  3. cMatrix question with 15 answer options