Table 2 Fit indices, standardized beta coefficients, and indirect effect with 95% bootstrap confidence intervals for cross-lagged models showed in Fig. 1

Model fits

 1

\(\chi^{2} fit \left( {df} \right)\)

168.54 (105)**

170.38 (104)***

258.26 (99)***

254.30 (97)***

 2

RMSEA

.034

.036

.055

.055

 3

CFI

.967

.961

.901

.901

 4

TFI

.957

.949

.865

.863

Model coefficient estimator (S.E.)

 1

β _x1

.88 (.04)***

.87 (.04)***

.82 (.07)***

.85 (.06)**

 2

β _x2

.79 (.05)***

.76 (.06)***

.62 (.07)***

.56 (.10)***

 3

β _m1

.45 (.07)***

.56 (.05)***

.39 (.04)**

.46 (.06)***

 4

β _m2

.74 (.05)***

.84 (.04)***

.74 (.05)***

.76 (.04)***

 5

β _y1

.89 (.08)**

.90 (.08)***

.84 (.09)***

.84 (.09)*

 6

β _y2

.60 (.11)**

.64 (.12)***

.59 (.11)***

.60 (.12)***

 7

a ₁

.16 (.07)*

− .17 (.06)*

.32 (.08)***

− .40 (.07)***

 8

b ₁

− .29 (.18)*

.21 (.12), ns

.10 (.07), ns

.21 (.11), ns

 9

a ₂

− .23 (.08)*

.16 (.07)*

− .11 (.07), ns

.12 (.07), ns

 10

b ₂

− .02 (.05), ns

− .04 (.06), ns

− .31 (.12)*

− .15 (.10), ns

Indirect effect [95% bootstrap confidence intervals]

 1

a ₁ b ₁

− .13 [− .35, − .01]

− .09 [− .24, − .002]

− .47 [− 1.01, − .13]

− .48 [− 1.03, − .04]

 2

a ₂ b ₂

.00 [− .01, .01]

.00 [− .02, .00]

.00 [− .02, .00]

.00 [− .01, .00]