Table 3 Potential predictors for age at first concerns and age at diagnosis
From: Pathways to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in Germany: a survey of parents
Characteristic | Age at first concerns in monthsa | Age at diagnosis in monthsa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude linear regression β (95% CI) | Multivariable linear regressionb β (95% CI) | Crude linear regression β (95% CI) | Multivariable linear regressionb β (95% CI) | |
Sex | ||||
 Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 Female | − 3.19 (− 9.90 to 3.51) | − 0.69 (− 8.38 to 7.00) | 1.28 (− 13.00 to 15.56) | 9.67 (− 4.33 to 23.68) |
Age groups in years | ||||
 0–11 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 ≥ 12 | 6.09 (0.86 to 11.31) | 8.42 (2.16 to 14.68) | 34.83 (24.84 to 44.83) | 38.23 (26.92 to 49.52) |
ASD diagnosis | ||||
 Childhood autism (F84.0) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 Atypical autism (F84.1) | 0.37 (− 5.96 to 6.71) | − 2.05 (− 9.22 to 5.12) | 15.83 (2.91 to 28.76) | 19.66 (6.58 to 32.73) |
 Asperger syndrome (F84.5) | 8.41 (2.42 to 14.41) | 2.52 (− 4.94 to 9.97) | 29.99 (17.86 to 42.12) | 19.35 (5.71 to 32.98) |
Intellectual functioning | ||||
 IQ ≥ 85 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 IQ < 85 | − 12.72 (− 18.18 to − 7.27) | − 12.96 (− 19.31 to − 6.62) | − 15.51 (− 26.80 to − 4.21) | − 15.53 (− 27.13 to − 3.93) |
ADOS-2 comparison score | ||||
 Minimal to low (1–4) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 Moderate (5–7) | − 5.61 (− 13.32 to 2.10) | − 2.40 (− 10.17 to 5.36) | − 14.51 (− 31.19 to 2.17) | − 5.91 (− 20.46 to 8.63) |
 High (8–10) | − 6.14 (− 14.20 to 1.92) | − 3.27 (− 11.38 to 4.84) | − 23.44 (− 40.88 to − 5.99) | − 11.43 (− 26.61 to 3.76) |
Highest parental level of education | ||||
 Low/middle | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 High | − 3.03 (− 8.14 to 2.08) | − 4.65 (− 10.41 to 1.10) | − 6.09 (− 16.90 to 4.72) | − 9.94 (− 20.50 to 0.62) |