Mental health and risk behaviors of children in rural China with different patterns of parental migration: a cross-sectional study

Table 4 Linear regression analysis for SDQ (emotional symptoms, hyperactivity, total difficulties) by parental migration groups and demographic characteristic

	Emotional symptoms^a B(SE)	Hyperactivity^b B(SE)	Total difficulties^c B(SE)
Parental migration status (ref: N-LBC)
B-LBC	0.36 (0.11)**	0.22 (0.11)**	0.79 (0.29)**
O-LBC	0.21 (0.12)	0.27 (0.12)	0.66 (0.31)
Gender (ref: male)
Female	0.55 (0.10)***	0.08 (0.10)	0.17 (0.25)
Age	0.02 (0.04)	0.25 (0.04)***	0.16 (0.10)
Perceived income level (ref: much better off/better off/the same)
Poorer/much poorer	0.47 (0.18)**	0.31 (0.18)	1.66 (0.44)***
Any sibling (ref: yes)
No	− 0.18 (0.10)	− 0.26 (0.10)*	− 0.57 (0.26)*

B-LBC left-behind children with both parents migrating, O-LBC left-behind children with one parent migrating, N-LBC neither parents had migrated
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
^aN = 1932, R² = 0.027; ^bN = 1934, R² = 0.028; ^cN = 1907, R² = 0.016