Table 2 Baseline characteristics of target mothers and their children
Variable/Scales | Intervention (n = 20) | Control (n = 40) | Unpaired t-test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t | P | |
TOPSE | ||||
 Total score | 257.7 (44.7) | 281.4 (52.6) | − 1.73 | .089 |
 Emotion and affection | 42.1 (9.31) | 43.0 (10.6) | − .32 | .749 |
 Play and enjoyment | 30.7 (9.67) | 37.9 (9.61) | − 2.72 | .009** |
 Empathy and understanding | 35.5 (7.97) | 37.0 (10.9) | − .55 | .586 |
 Control | 23.4 (6.92) | 27.2 (7.28) | − 1.94 | .058 |
 Discipline and boundaries | 26.0 (5.26) | 29.8 (8.60) | − 1.80 | .077 |
 Pressures | 31.7 (8.66) | 33.8 (8.84) | − .87 | .386 |
 Self-acceptance | 31.4 (9.23) | 32.9 (9.65) | − .58 | .567 |
 Learning and knowledge | 37.1 (6.74) | 40.1 (9.08) | − 1.31 | .197 |
GHQ30 | ||||
 Total score | 10.3 (5.92) | 7.6 (5.51) | 1.70 | .095 |
 General illness | 2.2 (1.54) | 1.7 (1.34) | 1.23 | .223 |
 Somatic symptoms | 1.6 (1.32) | 1.4 (1.26) | .36 | .722 |
 Sleeping problems | 3.0 (1.38) | 2.0 (1.40) | 2.68 | .010* |
 Social dysfunction | 1.0 (1.43) | 0.6 (1.19) | .93 | .356 |
 Anxiety and dysphoria | 2.3 (1.71) | 1.5 (1.47) | 1.82 | .073 |
 Suicidal depression | 0.3 (0.73) | 0.4 (1.03) | − .39 | .701 |
CBCL | ||||
 Total score | 69.8 (8.79) | 68.0 (6.76) | .87 | .390 |
 Internalizing scale | 66.6 (7.63) | 63.5 (6.26) | 1.64 | .107 |
 Externalizing scale | 64.3 (9.18) | 62.1 (8.71) | .91 | .369 |
 Withdrawn/depressed | 4.8 (3.42) | 3.2 (2.29) | 2.12 | .038* |
 Somatic complaints | 1.5 (1.67) | 1.0 (1.28) | 1.41 | .163 |
 Anxious/depressed | 8.0 (5.11) | 6.0 (4.01) | 1.66 | .103 |
 Social problems | 5.5 (2.84) | 5.2 (2.61) | .37 | .710 |
 Thought problems | 2.4 (2.06) | 1.9 (2.06) | .84 | .403 |
 Attention problems | 8.7 (3.03) | 9.1 (3.28) | − .49 | .629 |
 Delinquency problems | 2.1 (2.22) | 1.7 (1.81) | .70 | .487 |
 Aggressive behaviors | 10.6 (6.59) | 8.9 (6.58) | .94 | .350 |