Changes in self-efficacy in Japanese school-age children with and without high autistic traits after the Universal Unified Prevention Program: a single-group pilot study

Table 3 Least square means and comparison with baseline data (T1) using a linear mixed-effects model

	T1		T2		p value^d	T3		p value^e
	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	p value^d	Estimate	95% CI	p value^e
Primary outcome
Self-efficacy^a	26.05	(25.57–26.54)	26.54	(26.00–27.08)	0.04*	26.83	(26.29–27.37)	< 0.01**
Secondary Outcome
Social skills^b	93.45	(91.02–95.87)	96.56	(94.24–98.87)	< 0.01**	97.06	(94.69–99.42)	< 0.01**
Mental health^c
Self-rated	11.95	(11.34–12.56)	11.21	(10.57–11.86)	< 0.01**	10.20	(9.56–10.83)	< 0.01**
Parent-rated	8.13	(7.56–8.69)	8.16	(7.57–8.74)	0.88	7.71	(7.16–8.26)	0.04*
Teacher-rated	5.87	(5.07–6.68)	6.00	(5.15–6.85)	0.63	5.87	(5.03–6.70)	0.98

CI confidence interval
T1 Baseline, T2 immediately after the program finished, T3 three months after the program finished
^*p < .05, **p < .01
^aAssessed with the GSESC-R General Self-Efficacy Scale for Children-Revised
^bAssessed with the CSSS Children’s Social Skills Scale
^cAssessed with the SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
^dComparing the T2 and baseline (T1) estimated scores
^eComparing the T3 and baseline (T1) estimated scores

ISSN: 1753-2000