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Table 1 Means and standard deviations of the mental well-being indicators and pandemic-related stressors, M(SD) (weighted)

From: Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

 

Total

German

FSU/CEE

Other European/Americas

Asia

Turkey /ME Africa

Psychosomatic complaints

 T1P (Mage = 17)

2.70 (0.83)

2.62 (0.85)

2.78 (0.77)

2.88 (0.67)a

2.17 (0.71)

2.92 (0.84)a

 T2 (Mage = 23)

2.58 (0.79)

2.55 (0.78)

2.63 (0.76)

2.66 (0.83)

2.33 (0.75)

2.69 (0.85)a

 TC (Mage = 25)

2.48 (0.85)

2.48 (0.84)

2.48 (0.83)

2.48 (0.90)

2.49 (0.78)

2.52 (0.91)

Anxiety

 T1A (Mage = 19)

2.41 (0.70)

2.41 (0.71)

2.43 (0.64)

2.44 (0.74)

2.30 (0.80)

2.37 (0.73)

 T2 (Mage = 23)

2.60 (0.69)

2.58 (0.68)

2.66 (0.73)

2.68 (0.70)

2.37 (0.71)

2.62 (0.68)

 TC (Mage = 25)

2.21 (0.75)

2.19 (0.73)

2.22 (0.79)

2.23 (0.73)

2.16 (0.65)

2.36 (0.79)a

Depression

 T1D Mage = 19)

1.90 (0.72)

1.91 (0.70)

1.86 (0.72)

1.99 (0.71)

1.62 (0.66)

1.88 (0.82)

 T2 (Mage = 23)

2.04 (0.72)

2.04 (0.69)

2.01 (0.74)

2.11 (0.77)

1.84 (0.74)

2.09 (0.81)

 TC (Mage = 25)

1.79 (0.79)

1.78 (0.78)

1.75 (0.75)

1.88 (0.83)

1.71 (0.70)

1.88 (0.86)

Life satisfaction

 T1S (Mage = 21)

7.78 (1.57)

7.90 (1.45)

7.68 (1.59)a

7.54 (1.80)a

7.26 (1.60)a

7.39 (2.01)a

 T2 (Mage = 23)

7.26 (2.06)

7.32 (2.05)

7.30 (1.96)

6.96 (2.27)

7.28 (1.75)

6.94 (2.15)

 TC (Mage = 25)

7.19 (2.13)

7.26 (2.06)

7.21 (2.06)

7.04 (2.43)

7.20 (1.74)

6.69 (2.48) a

Financial worries

3.39 (1.00)

3.34 (0.96)

3.43 (1.02)

3.54 (1.03)

3.39 (1.01)

3.53 (1.24)

Health worries

3.44 (0.87)

3.41 (0.79)

3.42 (0.98)

3.45 (0.85)

3.75 (0.84)

3.74 (1.13)a

Increase in discrimination

0.03 (0.18)

0.02 (0.15)

0.02 (0.14)

0.02 (0.12)

0.40 (0.49)a

0.09 (0.29)a

No change in discrimination

0.44 (0.50)

0.39 (0.49)

0.47 (0.50)a

0.48 (0.50)

0.37 (0.49)

0.72 (0.45)a

Contact with Covid-19

0.27 (0.52)

0.30 (0.54)

0.21 (0.49)a

0.26 (0.54)

0.21 (0.42)

0.16 (0.39)a

  1. aSignificantly different to the German majority (p < .003) based on two-tailed t-tests with a Bonferroni adjustment to reduce the likelihood of type I error when making multiple comparisons; Range-Psychosomatic complaints = 1–5, anxiety and depression = 1–4; life satisfaction = 1–10; financial and health-related worries = 1–5; Discrimination = 0–1; Contact with COVID-19 = 0–4