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Table 2 Means, standard deviations and correlations between benefit finding and all measured variables in the EFA sample (n = 100) and CFA sample (n = 204)

From: Validation of the German Benefit Finding Scale for Youth with chronic conditions

 

Correlations

M (SD)

M (SD)

Range

(EFA)

(CFA)

(EFA)

(CFA)

Age

0.24*

0.16*

17.02 (2.87)

17.22 (2.76)

12–21

Subjective social status

0.10

0.29***

6.49 (1.44)

6.29 (1.59)

1–10

Disease severity

0.12

0.17*

3.26 (1.03)

3.43 (1.11)

1–5

Time since diagnosis

− 0.01

0.03

7.29 (5.56)

6.41 (5.81)

0–21

Benefit Finding

3.07 (0.91)

3.16 (0.94)

1–5

Optimism

0.18

0.33**

2.74 (0.68)

2.64 (0.72)

1–4

Self-esteem

0.29**

0.27**

2.53 (0.67)

2.56 (0.67)

1–4

Self-efficacy

0.27**

0.29**

2.55 (0.59)

2.64 (0.61)

1–4

Sense of coherence

0.22*

0.27*

2.94 (0.57)

2.92 (0.62)

1–4

Empathy

0.33**

0.27**

2.98 (0.59)

2.95 (0.58)

1–4

Acceptance

0.13

0.14*

3.66 (0.90)

3.69 (0.95)

1–5

Avoidance

0.13

− 0.04

3.19 (0.98)

3.10 (1.04)

1–5

Distance

0.09

− 0.22**

2.55 (1.01)

2.40 (0.98)

1–5

Emotional reaction

− 0.05

0.14

2.60 (1.04)

2.68 (1.02)

1–5

Wishful thinking

0.04

− 0.01

3.80 (1.12)

3.80 (1.07)

1–5

Social support

0.11

0.24**

3.47 (0.67)

3.43 (0.69)

1–4

Support seeking

0.26**

0.37**

2.64 (0.76)

2.70 (0.82)

1–4

HrQoL-12a

− 0.04

− 0.11

3.32 (0.80)

3.22 (0.80)

1–5

HrQoL-10b

− 0.09

0.04

3.32 (0.85)

3.21 (0.83)

1–5

  1. a Health-related quality of life for the 12-item version. b Health-related quality of life for the 10-item version. * p < .05. ** p < .01. ***p < .001.