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Table 4 Parenting Stress according to EBI (N = 991) and CSF (N = 554)

From: A cross-sectional investigation of psychosocial stress factors in German families with children aged 0–3 years during the COVID-19 pandemic: initial results of the CoronabaBY study

Parenting Stress Inventory (EBI)

%

n

 Categorial evaluation of the parent domaina

  No findings

62.2

605

  Stressed

29.8

290

  Strongly stressed

7.9

77

 Subscales (above cut-off)

  Attachment

23.8

236

  Isolation

41.4

413

  Parental competence

31.2

309

  Depression (limited emotional availability in the parent-child-relationship)

60.2

597

  Health

41.5

411

  Role restriction

35.4

351

  Spouse related stressa

40.6

395

Parenting stress due to crying, feeding and sleeping problems of the child (CSF)b

%

n

 Stressed due to crying and whining of the child

  A little to not at all

80.5

446

  Fairly to very much

19.5

108

 Stressed due to eating behavior of the child

  A little to not at all

96.9

537

  Fairly to very much

3.1

17

 Stressed due to sleeping behavior of the child

  A little to not at all

84.8

470

  Fairly to very much

15.2

84

  1. aN = 972, bN = 554 (including only parents of infants)