Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder: a seven-country observational study

Table 2 Associations between meeting movement guidelines and health-related outcomes

	BMI z-score		General health		Quality of life
	B (95%CI)	P	B (95%CI)	P	B (95%CI)	P
Number of guidelines (n)
None (251)	0.63 (0.05,1.22)	0.04	− 0.45 (− 0.83, − 0.06)	0.02	− 0.46 (− 0.85,− 0.07)	0.02
One of three (576)	0.55 (− 0.03, 1.12)	0.06	− 0.24 (− 0.61, 0.14)	0.22	− 0.36 (− 0.74, 0.02)	0.06
Two of three (315)	0.46 (− 0.12, 1.04)	0.12	− 0.16 (− 0.54, 0.22)	0.41	− 0.15 (− 0.53, 0.24)	0.46
All three (23)	Reference		Reference		Reference
Trend analysis	− 0.11 (− 0.22, − 0.004)	0.04	0.14 (0.07, 0.21)	< 0.001	0.16 (0.09, 0.23)	< 0.001
R²	3.9%		16.8%		6.3%
Specific combinations of guidelines (n)
None (251)	0.62 (0.03, 1.21)	0.04	− 0.46 (− 0.84, − 0.08)	0.02	− 0.47 (− 0.86, − 0.08)	0.02
Physical activity only (17)	0.18 (− 0.68, 1.04)	0.68	0.29 (− 0.27, 0.85)	0.30	− 0.62 (− 1.19, − 0.05)	0.03
Sleep only (336)	0.51 (− 0.07, 1.10)	0.09	− 0.31 (− 0.69, 0.07)	0.11	− 0.38 (− 0.77, 0.01)	0.054
Sedentary time only (223)	0.60 (0.01, 1.19)	0.047	− 0.19 (− 0.57, 0.20)	0.34	− 0.33 (− 0.73, 0.06)	0.10
Physical activity + sleep only (21)	0.85 (0.05, 1.66)	0.04	0.29 (− 0.24, 0.82)	0.28	− 0.10 (− 0.64, 0.44)	0.72
Physical activity + sedentary time only (23)	0.70 (− 0.09, 1.49)	0.08	0.11 (− 0.40, 0.63)	0.66	0.05 (− 0.48, 0.57)	0.87
Sleep + sedentary time only (271)	0.40 (− 0.18, 0.99)	0.18	− 0.22 (− 0.61, 0.16)	0.25	− 0.17 (− 0.56, 0.22)	0.39
All three (23)	Reference		Reference		Reference
R²	4.3%		18.1%		6.5%

ASD: autism spectrum disorder; BMI: body mass index; B: unstandardized coefficients; CI: confidence interval
All models are adjusted for country, age, gender, and severity level of ASD. Statistically significant associations (P < 0.05) are highlighted in bold

ISSN: 1753-2000