A comparison of expressed emotion between mothers and their adolescent daughters with and without a history of nonsuicidal self-injury

Table 2 Mean number of adolescents’ and mothers’ comments in the three participant groups (NSSI, CC, NC) in the five-minute speech sample (FMSS)

Comment	Adolescents						F(2, 65)	η²	Mothers
	NSSI (n = 21)		CC (n = 17)		NC (n = 32)				NSSI (n = 10)		CC (n = 7)		NC (n = 7)
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD			M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Covert criticism	2.00	2.15	0.88	1.11	0.23	0.43	10.72**	0.25	1.10	0.99	0.86	0.90	0.29	0.49
Critical tone	1.24	1.55	0	0	0.13	0.43	11.89**	0.27	1.30	1.25	0.71	1.50	0.86	1.46
Positive relationship	1.76	2.07	3.65	2.34	6.20	3.53	15.20**	0.32	0.50	0.85	2.43	2.07	1.29	1.38

CC clinical control; EE expressed emotion; EOI emotional overinvolvement; NC nonclinical control; NSSI adolescents who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury
^**p < 0.01

ISSN: 1753-2000