Table 4 The paths from mindful parenting and its different factors to adolescent aggressive behavior through child maltreatment in the total sample

MP as the independent variable

 Through physical abuse

  MP → PA

0.59

(0.39,0.89)

0.012

  PA → AB

1.16

0.54

0.030

 Through psychological aggression

  MP → PCA

0.80

(0.57,1.11)

0.173

  PCA → AB

1.37

0.44

0.002

 Through neglect

  MP → NE

1.16

(0.82,1.65)

0.387

  NE → AB

0.12

0.42

0.768

 Direct path from MP to AB

  MP → AB

-0.22

0.36

0.539

IWFA factor as the independent variable

 Through physical abuse

  IWFA → PA

0.41

(0.26,0.66)

 < 0.001

  PA → AB

1.04

0.54

0.052

 Through psychological aggression

  IWFA → PCA

0.60

(0.41,0.86)

0.006

  PCA → AB

1.33

0.44

0.002

 Through neglect

  IWFA → NE

0.82

(0.56,1.19)

0.301

  NE → AB

0.10

0.42

0.815

 Direct path from IWFA to AB

  IWFA → AB

-0.86

0.40

0.031

CAA factor as the independent variable

 Through physical abuse

  CAA → PA

0.68

(0.52,0.89)

0.006

  PA → AB

1.14

0.54

0.033

 Through psychological aggression

  CAA → PCA

0.81

(0.65,1.02)

0.071

  PCA → AB

1.35

0.44

0.002

 Through neglect

  CAA → NE

1.15

(0.91,1.46)

0.233

  NE → AB

0.14

0.42

0.735

 Direct path from CAA to AB

  CAA → AB

-0.24

0.24

0.330

SR factor as the independent variable

 Through physical abuse

  SR → PA

0.93

(0.69, 1.26)

0.643

  PA → AB

1.19

0.53

0.026

 Through psychological aggression

  SR → PCA

1.02

(0.81,1.29)

0.860

  PCA → AB

1.38

0.44

0.002

 Through neglect

  SR → NE

1.04

(0.81,1.34)

0.750

  NE → AB

0.11

0.42

0.796

 Direct path from SR to AB

  SR → AB

0.16

0.26

0.539