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Table 6 The above associations were similar when excluding children who did not attend school before the spread of infection

From: Relationship between children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their caregivers and friends during early phase of COVID-19 school closure in Japan: Association with difficulty in implementing infection prevention measures

Explanatory variable

When schools were closed

After schools reopened

 

Crude B

95% CIa

β

95% CI

p-value

Crude B

95% CI

β

95% CI

p-value

Social Distancing

0.151

–0.019–0.25

0.074

–0.090–0.204

0.444

0.243

–0.062–0.365

0.299

0.102–0.424

0.002

Washing hands

–0.097

–0.225 − 0.065

–0.165

–0.295 − 0.023

0.094

0.182

0.008–0.336

0.205

0.020–0.367

0.029

Wearing a mask

0.113

–0.054–0.249

0.039

–0.129–0.196

0.682

0.001

–0.174–0.175

–0.097

–0.273 − 0.082

0.29

Health check

–0.075

–0.224 − 0.091

0.001

–0.170–0.172

0.989

–0.027

–0.207 − 0.153

0.172

–0.363 − 0.013

0.068

Airing out

0.161

–0.335 − 0.014

–0.164

–0.341 − 0.013

0.07

0.105

–0.082–0.321

0.109

–0.070–0.320

0.206

Voluntarily complying with stay-at-home requests

0.207

0.030–0.335

0.183

–0.005–0.326

0.057

–0.123

–0.301 − 0.053

–0.211

–0.392 − 0.033

0.021

Parents’ mental health concerns

0.154

–0.016–0.260

–0.128

–0.047–0.249

0.178

0.041

–0.123–0.197

–0.176

–0.324 − 0.005

0.057

Problematic behaviors when schools were closed

0.084

–0.071–0.198

0.033

–0.115–0.166

0.724

-

-

-

-

-

Problematic behaviors after schools reopened

-

-

-

-

-

0.203

0.026–0.334

0.282

0.086–0.414

0.003

  1. *Adjusted according to age and sex
  2. **Problematic behaviors observed when schools were closed were adopted as explanatory variables in the “when schools were closed” model, and problematic behaviors after schools reopened were adopted as explanatory variables in the “after schools reopened” model
  3. aConfidence Interval