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Table 2 Comparison of long-term outcomes between exposed and unexposed individuals

From: Evidence of individual differences in the long-term social, psychological, and cognitive consequences of child maltreatment

 

Exposed individuals (n = 63)

Unexposed individuals (n = 63)

Model 1a

Model 2b

mean (SD)

mean (SD)

β (95% CI)

p-value

β (95% CI)

p-value

Social

 MSPSS family support

17.27 (6.55)

20.24 (6.52)

−2.97 (−5.23, −0.70)

0.010

−2.48 (−4.79, −0.17)

0.035

 PBI care (mother)

20.05 (7.14)

24.68 (6.52)

−4.64 (−7.00, −2.27)

 < 0.001

−4.19 (−6.62, −1.77)

0.001

 PBI overprotection (mother)

14.22 (6.97)

13.57 (6.99)

0.65 (−1.77, 3.07)

0.598

0.60 (−1.90, 3.09)

0.639

 PBI care (father)

19.63 (8.05)

22.22 (7.26)

−2.59 (−5.24, 0.07)

0.056

−1.83 (−4.51, 0.86)

0.182

 PBI overprotection (father)

12.05 (7.06)

10.48 (7.15)

1.57 (−0.89, 4.03)

0.211

1.57 (−0.97, 4.11)

0.226

Cognitive

 ADEXI working memory

21.86 (6.15)

22.22 (6.29)

−0.37 (−2.52, 1.79)

0.740

−0.54 (−2.76, 1.68)

0.634

 ADEXI inhibition

13.65 (3.44)

13.44 (3.59)

0.21 (−1.01, 1.42)

0.740

0.07 (−1.18, 1.32)

0.913

Psychological

 CD-RISC10 resilience

30.83 (5.56)

30.06 (5.79)

0.76 (−1.20, 2.73)

0.447

0.87 (−1.16, 2.90)

0.401

 DASS21 stress

24.48 (6.63)

24.73 (6.20)

−0.25 (−2.48, 1.97)

0.823

−0.45 (−2.74, 1.84)

0.699

 Log10-transformed IL-6

1.21 (0.29)

1.08 (0.23)

0.14 (0.05, 0.23)

0.003

0.15 (0.06, 0.24)

0.001

 Log10-transformed IL-10

1.17 (0.25)

1.09 (0.24)

0.08 (−0.01, 0.16)

0.076

0.11 (0.03, 0.19)

0.011

 Log10-transformed IL-6:IL-10

1.06 (0.23)

1.00 (0.20)

0.05 (−0.03, 0.13)

0.202

−0.10 (−0.22, 0.02)

0.095

  1. aWith exposed individuals/unexposed individuals (reference group) as the independent variable
  2. bModel 1 adjusted for monthly household income at follow-up