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Table 4 Within-pairs associations with ED across the entire sample and in DZ and MZ sub-cohorts

From: Emotion dysregulation in ADHD and other neurodevelopmental conditions: a co-twin control study

 

Total sample ED (N = 194 twin pairs)

DZ sample ED (n = 82 twin pairs)

MZ sample ED (n = 112 twin pairs)

b

95% CI

SE

Z

b

95% CI

SE

Z

b

95% CI

SE

Z

Unadjusted model

 ADHD

22.70***

16.31–29.09

3.26

6.96

26.31***

18.66–33.97

3.91

6.74

12.29*

2.73–21.84

4.88

2.52

Adjusted model

 ADHD

20.41***

13.84–26.98

3.35

6.09

25.29***

17.74–32.85

3.86

6.56

4.61

− 2.25–11.47

3.50

1.32

 Autism

6.55*

0.06–13.05

3.31

1.98

2.18

− 7.76–12.12

5.07

0.43

14.72***

7.48–21.95

3.70

3.99

 Other NDCs

3.91

− 2.65–10.46

3.34

1.17

4.76

− 4.58–14.10

4.77

1.00

4.14

− 0.32–8.60

2.27

1.82

 ID

3.18

− 7.42–13.77

5.41

0.59

2.96

− 13.64–19.55

8.47

0.35

7.50

− 3.53–18.52

5.63

1.33

Affective conditions

6.28*

0.77–11.79

2.81

2.23

3.98

− 4.80–12.76

4.48

0.89

8.10**

2.89–13.31

2.66

3.05

  1. Bold indicate p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05; Emotion dysregulation (ED) as measured by the sum of t-scores in the dysregulation profile
  2. ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, DZ dizygotic, MZ monozygotic, NDCs neurodevelopmental conditions, ID intellectual disabilit