From: Identification of subgroups of children in the Australian Autism Biobank using latent class analysis
Developmental, dimensional and diagnostic interview (3di) Scores of Core Autism Traits | (Mean, SD) | |
---|---|---|
Difficulties with social-emotional reciprocity (range 0–2) | 1.0 (0.3) | |
Difficulties with non-verbal social communication (range 0–2) | 0.9 (0.3) | |
Difficulties with developing and maintaining relationships (range 0–2) | 1.0 (0.3) | |
Stereotyped and repetitive speech (range 0–45) | 15.8 (10.5) | |
Stereotyped movements (range 0–9) | 3.0 (2.3) | |
Stereotyped use of objects (range 0–9) | 3.8 (2.5) | |
Adherence to routines (range 0–15) | 6.1 (4.0) | |
Ritualised patterns of behaviour (range 0–15) | 6.2 (4.0) | |
Resistance to change (range 0–12) | 4.4 (3.4) | |
Restricted and fixated interests (range 0–27) | 11.0 (6.0) | |
Sensory interests (range 0–15) | 5.0 (3.5) | |
Hyposensitivity to sensory input (range 0–9) | 2.5 (2.3) | |
Auditory hypersensitivity (range 0–4) | 2.2 (1.6) | |
Other sensory hypersensitivity (range 0–24) | 8.9 (5.9) | |
Other characteristics | (Mean, SD) | |
 Overall intellectual ability (percentile) | 25.1 (29.0) | |
 Head circumference (z score) | − 0.5 (1.2) | |
 3di inattentiveness score (Range 0–9) | 2.9 (2.3) | |
 3di hyperactivity and impulsivity score (range 0–9) | 3.2 (2.4) | |
 3di child communication checklist fluency of speech score | 28.8 (5.2) | |
 Vineland adaptive behaviour scale-II adaptive composite score (percentile) | 15.4 (22.6) | |
 | n | % |
 History of language delay | 462 | 61.3% |
 History of gross motor delay | 242 | 32.1% |
 History of regression | 259 | 34.4% |
 Co-occurring anxiety disorder | 168 | 22.3% |
 History of depression and/or suicidality | 73 | 9.7% |
 History of tics | 98 | 13.0% |
 History of hallucinations | 62 | 8.2% |
 Co-occurring oppositional defiant or conduct disorder | 90 | 11.9% |
 History of self-injurious behaviour | 64 | 8.5% |
 History of seizure(s) | 77 | 10.2% |
 Sleep onset difficulties | 179 | 23.7% |
 Sleep maintenance difficulties | 104 | 13.8% |
 History of gastrointestinal dysfunction | 309 | 41.0% |
Birthweight | ||
  Low | 66 | 10.5% |
  Normal | 481 | 76.3% |
  Macrosomic | 83 | 13.2% |
  Food allergy (Acute reaction) | 72 | 9.5% |
  Food allergy (Non-acute reaction) | 150 | 19.9% |
  Non-food allergy | 179 | 23.7% |
  Hyperextensibility | 83 | 11.0% |