Table 1 Groups of considered pre-pandemic family situations based on maternal questionnaire data of follow-up waves T5-T9

Overall

#1

Depression or anxiety symptoms of mother

Mother has at least two times HADS_D score ≥ 8 or two times HADS_A score ≥ 8 in FU-waves T5-T8

Group of children in which mother has either symptoms of depression or anxiety

#2

Housing density

High housing density for at least two years between T5-T9

Living space per person (m²/person) < median of specific FU-wave: T5 < 32.5, T6 < 32.5, T7 < 32.0, T8 < 32.5, T9 < 33.5

#3

Working days of mother

Mother works ≥ 5 days per week for at least one year in FU-waves T6-T9

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