Table 4 Results of adjusted mixed models: differences in means comparing pre- and during pandemic outcomes of child health in all children aged 5–9 years in SPATZ (FU-waves T7-T11) n = 300 girls (877 observations: 308 during pandemic), n = 288 boys (846 observations: 300 during pandemic) (overall model)
Outcomes of child health | Boys | Girls | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Difference in means (95% CI) | p-value | Difference in means (95% CI) | p-value | |
KINDL total score | − 1.1 (− 3.7, 1.4) | 0.4 | − 3.9 (− 6.4, − 1.4) | 0.002 |
 KINDL family | − 1.5 (− 5.1, 2.1) | 0.4 | − 5.0 (− 8.2, − 1.7) | 0.007 |
 KINDL physical well-being | 2.5 (− 1.5, 6.5) | 0.3 | − 0.6 (− 4.9, 3.7) | 0.8 |
 KINDL emotional well-being | − 1.6 (− 5.7, 2.5) | 0.4 | − 3.2 (− 6.4, 0.02) | 0.05 |
 KINDL self-esteem | − 2.8 (− 6.6, 1.0) | 0.1 | − 3.9 (− 8.0, 0.3) | 0.07 |
 KINDL friends | − 4.1 (− 8.7, 0.5) | 0.08 | − 7.6 (− 11.8, − 3.5) |  < 0.001 |
 KINDL school | 1.0 (− 3.0, 4.9) | 0.6 | − 4.9 (− 8.9, − 0.9) | 0.02 |
SDQ total score | 0.8 (− 0.4, 2.0) | 0.2 | 0.4 (− 0.7, 1.6) | 0.5 |
 SDQ emotion | − 0.3 (− 0.7, 0.1) | 0.1 | − 0.02 (− 0.4, 0.4) | 0.9 |
 SDQ behavior | 0.3 (− 0.1, 0.8) | 0.1 | 0.3 (− 0.1, 0.7) | 0.1 |
 SDQ hyperactive | 0.4 (− 0.2, 1.0) | 0.2 | 0.3 (− 0.3, 0.8) | 0.3 |
 SDQ peers | 0.4 (− 0.1, 0.8) | 0.1 | − 0.09 (− 0.5, 0.3) | 0.7 |
 SDQ prosocial | 0.1 (− 0.4, 0.6) | 0.7 | − 0.3 (− 0.8, 0.2) | 0.2 |
 Screen-time (h/week) | 1.2 (− 0.8, 3.3) | 0.2 | − 0.06 (− 1.2, 1.2) | 0.9 |
 Physical activity-score | 0.4 (− 0.5, 1.3) | 0.4 | 0.5 (− 0.3, 1.4) | 0.2 |