Table 5 Results of adjusted mixed models in Group 1: Differences in means comparing pre- and during pandemic outcomes of child health in children with mothers experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety, n = 64 girls (n = 219 observations: n = 77 during pandemic), n = 67 boys (n = 214 observations: 74 during pandemic)
Outcomes of child health | Boys | Girls | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Difference in means (95% CI) | p-value | Difference in means (95% CI) | p-value | |
KINDL total score | − 3.3 (− 8.2, 1.7) | 0.2 | − 7.8 (− 12.6, − 3.0) | 0.002 |
KINDL family | − 2.9 (− 10.9, 5.1) | 0.5 | − 11.5 (− 18.2, − 4.8) | 0.001 |
KINDL physical well-being | 3.3 (− 3.7, 10.4) | 0.4 | − 12.2 (− 18.9, − 5.4) |  < 0.001 |
KINDL emotional well-being | − 3.6 (− 11.9, 4.7) | 0.4 | − 8.4 (− 15.7, − 1.0) | 0.03 |
KINDL self-esteem | − 0.5 (− 8.1, 7.0) | 0.9 | − 5.2 (− 14.4, 3.9) | 0.3 |
KINDL friends | − 10.5 (− 19.7, − 1.4) | 0.02 | − 10.3 (− 19.2, − 1.4) | 0.02 |
KINDL school | − 1.4 (− 10.0, 7.3) | 0.8 | − 7.3 (− 13.8, − 0.8) | 0.03 |
SDQ total score | − 1.8 (− 4.1, 0.5) | 0.1 | 1.5 (− 0.9, 3.9) | 0.2 |
SDQ emotion | − 0.9 (− 1.9, 0.1) | 0.09 | 0.5 (− 0.3, 1.2) | 0.2 |
SDQ behavior | 0.1 (− 0.7, 1.0) | 0.7 | 0.2 (− 0.7, 1.1) | 0.6 |
SDQ hyperactive | − 0.8 (− 2.1, 0.5) | 0.2 | 1.2 (0.2, 2.3) | 0.02 |
SDQ peers | 0.1 (− 0.7, 1.0) | 0.8 | 0.1 (− 0.8, 1.0) | 0.8 |
SDQ prosocial | − 0.3 (− 1.4, 0.7) | 0.5 | − 0.9 (− 1.7, − 0.2) | 0.02 |
Screen-time (h/week) | 1.3 (− 3.8, 6.3) | 0.6 | 2.9 (0.3, 5.6) | 0.03 |
Physical activity-score | 0.6 (− 1.2, 2.3) | 0.5 | 0.04 (− 1.8, 1.9) | 0.96 |