Depressive symptoms from kindergarten to early school age: longitudinal associations with social skills deficits and peer victimization

Table 2 Results for the regression analyses predicting peer victimization and depressive symptoms at T2 (betas)

	STEP 1		STEP 2		STEP 3
	Victimization (T2)	Victimization (Change ^b )	Depressive symptoms (T2)	Depressive symptoms (Change ^b )	Depressive symptoms (T2)	Depressive symptoms (Change ^b )
Gender^a	-.162**	-.153**	-.059	-.078	-.024	-.052
Age (T1)	.006	.019	.090	.044	.082	.042
Sample	-.070	-.053	-.012	.001	-.001	.005
Other-oriented social skills (T1)	-.304***	-.240***	-.209**	-.148*	-.117	-.083
Self-oriented social skills (T1)	.053	.075	-.248**	-.104	-.251***	-.121
Gender*OOS^a	.064	.049	.079	.089	.044	.060
Gender*SOS^a	-.013	-.017	.023	.023	.007	.008
Victimization (T1)	--	.125**	--	--	.047	.011
Victimization (T2)			--	--	.217***	.202**
Gender*VIC (T1)^a			--	---	-.202	-.196
Gender*VIC (T2)^a			--	--	.202	.200
Depressive symptoms (T1)				.285***		.268***
Model: R²	.126	.137	.094	.131	.167	.190

*** p < .001 ** p < .01, *p < .05
^a Dummy coded variables (grls = 1, boys = 0)
^b The outcome at T2 were used as dependent variable but controlled for its level at T1, thus we predict changes from T1 to T2 (positive scores = increases).

ISSN: 1753-2000