A cross-sectional study of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: support for a specific distress-function relationship

Table 2 Correlations of self-reported experience of childhood adversities and symptoms of traumatic stress with automatic and social functions of NSSI

Variables	Automatic functions	Social functions
Frequency of NSSI	.49***	.31***
Gender	.39***	.18***
Suicide attempt	.47***	.32***
Adverse Childhood Circumstances (ACC) during upbringing
Bullied	.29***	.22***
Prolonged illness or handicap	.12***	.12***
Parental chronic adversity†	.20***	.11**
Emotional abuse	.41***	.26***
Interpersonal Negative Events (IPE)
Physical abuse by adult in family	.29***	.28***
Sexual abuse by adult in family or other	.35***	.25***
Symptoms of traumatic stress
Depression	.73***	.43***
Anxiety	.58***	.42***
Anger	.44***	.34***
Posttraumatic stress	.62***	.42***
Dissociation	.62***	.43***

Note. NSSI = non-suicidal self-injury, n = 808 in the model of social functions, due to listwise deletion of missing data being default option in the heteroscedasticity-consistent standard error (HCSE) macro [53], † including alcohol abuse, mental health problems, in jail, handicap, separated from parent(s), divorce, quarreling during divorce, **p <.01, ***p <.001.