Positive parenting: a randomised controlled trial evaluation of the Parents Plus Adolescent Programme in schools

Table 6 Mixed between-within ANOVA group, time, and interaction main effects for SDQ, PSI, and KPSS scales across the PPAP and WC groups

Scale	Group		Time		Interaction
Scale	F	p	F	p	F	p
SDQ
TD	F (1, 107) = 3.53	0.063	F (1, 107) = 60.01	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 64.07	<0.001***
HYP	F (1, 107) = 3.28	0.073	F (1, 107) = 0.787	0.377	F (1, 107) = 1.91	0.170
CON	F (1, 107) = 7.98	0.006*	F (1, 107) = 26.74	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 19.98	<0.001***
EMOT	F (1, 107) = 190.8	0.769	F (1, 107) = 62.76	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 62.76	<0.001***
PEER	F (1, 107) = 0.895	0.346	F (1, 107) = 18.04	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 23.98	<0.001***
PRO	F (1, 107) = 0.80	0.373	F (1, 107) = 15.23	< 0.001***	F (1, 107) = 9.19	<0.001***
PSI
PSI total	F (1, 107) = 15.29	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 46.40	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 44.08	<0.001***
PD	F (1, 107) = 9.87	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 45.04	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 33.48	<0.001***
DC	F (1, 107) = 2.78	0.098	F (1, 107) = 33.55	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 42.93	<0.001***
CDI	F (1, 107) = 2.59	0.111	F (1, 107) = 20.53	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 26.69	<0.001***
KPSS
KPSS total	F (1, 107) = 11.96	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 36.03	<0.001***	F (1, 107) = 42.05	<0.001***

SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, TD Total Difficulties, EMOT Emotional Symptoms, HYPER Hyperactivity, CON Conduct Problems, PEER Peer Problems, PRO prosocial behavior, PSI Parenting Stress Index, PSI total total stress, PD parental distress, DC Difficult Child, P-CDI Parent–Child dysfunctional interaction, KPSS Kansas Parenting Satisfaction Scale, KPSS total KPSS total parenting satisfaction
* Significant at p < 0.05, *** significant at p < 0.001

ISSN: 1753-2000