Table 1 Descriptive statistics for sociodemographic, family, school and peer covariates, stratified by gender
Covariates | Boys (n = 680; 43.8%) | Girls (n = 873; 56.2%) | χ2/t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 15.46 (0.34) | 15.47 (0.34) | − 0.472 | 0.637 |
Family Affluence Scale score (range 0–9) | 6.04 (1.77) | 5.93 (1.86) | 1.174 | 0.241 |
Family structure | 0.338 | 0.561 | ||
 Living with both parents | 76.8% | 78% | ||
 Other | 23.2% | 22% | ||
Communication with mother | 3.322 | 0.19 | ||
 Good | 72.2% | 72.2% | ||
 Poor | 20% | 22.8% | ||
 Do not have or see | 3.1% | 1.9% | ||
Communication with father | 74.985 | < 0.001 | ||
 Good | 59.4% | 38.6% | ||
 Poor | 30.4% | 51.4% | ||
 Do not have or see | 7.1% | 7.9% | ||
Good school satisfaction | 70% | 79.8% | 18.789 | < 0.001 |
Good perceived academic achievement | 45.3% | 42% | 1.713 | 0.191 |
Bullying (at least once) | 35.3% | 20.9% | 41.201 | < 0.001 |
Victimisation (at least once) | 37.5% | 27.9% | 17.209 | < 0.001 |
Fighting (at least once) | 32.2% | 15% | 68.732 | < 0.001 |
Psychological symptomsa (range 4–20) | 7.36 (3.42) | 8.885 (3.77) | − 8.2923 | < 0.001 |
Somatic symptomsb (range 4–20) | 5.78 (2.5) | 7.231 (3.36) | − 9.7211 | < 0.001 |