Table 2 Modified Poisson regression exploring the socio-demographical and clinical correlates of mental health related service contacts across provider types.

Age

 4–11 years

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 12–17 years

0.84* (0.73, 0.97)

3.02* (1.79, 5.07)

1.94* (1.05, 3.59)

0.64* (0.44, 0.93)

Sex

 Female

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Male

1.08 (0.93, 1.25)

1.38 (0.81, 2.36)

1.10 (0.59, 2.05)

0.79 (0.53, 1.19)

Number of biological parents in home

 Two

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 One or no biological parents

1.31* (1.10, 1.55)

0.85 (0.41, 1.77)

0.69 (0.30, 1.61)

0.82 (0.53, 1.27)

Household poverty

 Not low-income

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Low-income

0.95 (0.82, 1.09)

1.82 (0.91, 3.63)

1.46 (0.71, 3.02)

0.80 (0.52, 1.24)

Immigrant Backgr.

 Non- Immigrant

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Immigrant

0.65* (0.55, 0.75)

2.23* (1.16, 4.28)

2.17* (1.06, 4.43)

0.97 (0.60, 1.57)

Urban–rural residency

 Large urban centre

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Small-medium centr

1.09 (0.92, 1.29)

0.83 (0.38, 1.83)

1.44 (0.53, 3.91)

1.73 (0.91, 3.31)

 Rural area

1.05 (0.85, 1.29)

0.79 (0.26, 2.42)

0.47 (0.15, 1.49)

0.59 (0.34, 1.05)

Internalizing^b

1.31* (1.24, 1.38)

0.75* (0.59, 0.94)

0.59* (0.45, 0.78)

0.79* (0.68, 0.93)

Externalizing^b

1.06 (0.99, 1.13)

0.68* (0.53, 0.88)

0.71* (0.53, 0.94)

1.04 (0.91, 1.19)

ADHD^a

1.28* (1.21, 1.35)

1.15 (0.95, 1.39)

0.79 (0.62, 1.01)

0.69* (0.57, 0.84)