Child, adolescent, and caregiver mental health difficulties and associated risk factors early in the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa

Table 7 Parent/carer DASS scores by child age, family composition and SEN/ND present or not present in the child

	M		SD		n	t	p	Cohen’s d
Child age	Child	Adolescent	Child	Adolescent
Depression	7.81	6.30	8.64	7.54	244	1.46	0.145	0.19
Anxiety	5.08	3.82	7.02	6.06	244	1.51	0.133	0.19
Stress	12.45	9.31	9.65	9.00	244	2.64	0.009	0.34
Family composition	Single	Multiple	Single	Multiple
Depression	8.73	6.81	10.77	7.78	233	1.06	0.290	0.24
Anxiety	6.18	4.18	8.84	6.09	233	1.40	0.163	0.31
Stress	11.36	10.83	12.05	9.22	233	0.25	0.804	0.06
SEN/ND	Present	Not present	Present	Not present
Depression	8.80	6.86	8.54	8.01	246	− 1.13	0.259	0.24
Anxiety	5.68	4.32	8.85	6.28	246	− 0.98	0.327	0.21
Stress	13.92	10.55	9.86	9.36	246	− 1.70	0.091	0.36

ISSN: 1753-2000