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Table 5 Associations between all covariates, meeting 24-h movement guidelines and being bullied

From: Associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines with cognitive difficulty and social relationships in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Being bullied

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

p

Age

 6–13 years (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 14–17 years

0.52 (0.40–0.68)

 < 0.001

Sex

 Male (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Female

1.39 (1.08–1.78)

0.01

Overweight

 No (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Yes

1.45 (0.99–2.10)

0.05

Ethnicity

 White (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Black/African American

0.74 (0.49–1.13)

0.17

 American Indian/Alaska native

1.31 (0.35–4.95)

0.69

 Asian

0.67 (0.31–1.44)

0.30

 Native Hawaiian and other pacific islander

1.38 (0.12–16.41)

0.80

 Two or more ethnicities

0.92 (0.58–1.46)

0.73

Born 3 weeks or more weeks before due date

 No (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Yes

1.29 (0.92–1.81)

0.14

ADHD severity level

 Mild (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Moderate

1.92 (1.49–2.49)

 < 0.001

 Severe

5.13 (3.12–8.41)

 < 0.001

ADHD medication & behavioral treatment

 Neither behavioral treatment nor medication (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Behavioral treatment and medication

1.12 (0.79–1.58)

0.53

 Behavioral treatment only

1.78 (1.20–2.65)

0.01

 Medication only

0.80 (0.58–1.10)

0.17

Household poverty level

 0–99% FPL (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 100–400% FPL

0.81 (0.54–1.21)

0.31

Highest level of education among reported adults

 Less than high school (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 High school (vocational/trade/business school)

0.93 (0.45–1.93)

0.84

 Some college or associate degree

1.67 (0.82–3.42)

0.16

 College degree or higher

1.14 (0.56–2.32)

0.72

24-HMB guidelines met (categorical)

 None (reference)

1 (reference)

 

 Screen time only

0.61 (0.39–0.97)

0.04

 Sleep only

1.33 (0.94–1.88)

0.11

 Physical activity only

2.47 (1.12–5.51)

0.03

 Screen time + Sleep

0.89 (0.60–1.33)

0.57

 Screen time + Physical activity

0.65 (0.35–1.19)

0.16

 Sleep + Physical activity

0.88 (0.51–1.51)

0.64

 All three

0.78 (0.40–1.52)

0.47

 Prob > F

 < 0.001

 
  1. FPL Federal Poverty Level