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Table 4 Multiple linear regression using the broadband internalizing and externalizing scales as the outcomes for girls

From: The gender gap in adolescents’ emotional and behavioural problems in Georgia: a cross-sectional study using Achenbach’s Youth Self Report

 

Internalizing

Externalizing

Independent Variable

Coefficient

(95% CI)

p-value

Coefficient

(95% CI)

p-value

Age group

 

0.335

 

0.268

12–13

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

14–15

1.61

(-2.16–5.37)

 

2.81

(0.05–5.57)

 

16–18

-1.52

(-5.33–2.29)

 

0.19

(-2.71–3.09)

 

Performing any Sport

 

0.008

 

0.197

Yes

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

No

3.19

(-1.46–7.85)

 

-2.64

(-6.04–0.76)

 

Number of siblings

 

0.740

 

0.329

0

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

1–3

5.00

(-18.41–28.42)

 

7.92

(-4.86–20.71)

 

4–5

9.85

(-14.34–34.04)

 

6.12

(-7.40–19.65)

 

≥ 6

3.19

(-23.44–29.83)

 

0.22

(-16.55 -16.99)

 

Doing Chores

 

0.126

 

0.329

Yes

0.12

(-3.30–3.55)

 

− 0.25

(-2.79–2.30)

 

No

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Having an illness

 

< 0.001

 

0.001

Yes

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

No

-6.17

(-12.79–0.46)

 

-2.85

(-6.96–1.26)

 

Number of Close Friends

 

< 0.001

 

0.015

0

10.20

(1.85–18.56)

 

1.51

(-5.61–8.63)

 

1–3

0.74

(-2.60–4.08)

 

− 0.10

(-2.63–2.43)

 

≥ 4

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Having School problems

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

Yes

4.69

(1.30–8.07)

 

1.24

(-1.26–3.74)

 

No

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Living with

 

0.075

 

0.063

Mother only

-2.90

(-7.85–2.06)

 

0.68

(-2.76–4.13)

 

Father only

0.08

(-8.48–8.64)

 

− 4.45

(-10.70–1.80)

 

Both parents

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Relationship with peers (compared to peers)

 

< 0.001

 

0.007

Worse

6.90

(− 0.98–14.79)

 

1.49

(-3.68–6.66)

 

Likewise

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Better

-4.01

(-7.39 - -0.63)

 

-2.16

(-4.70–0.37)

 

Relationship with siblings (compared to peers)

 

< 0.001

 

0.051

Worse

6.36

(-15.40–28.12)

 

9.74

(-1.70–21.17)

 

Likewise

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Better

0.39

(-3.48–4.27)

 

-0.88

(-3.68–1.92)

 

Do not have siblings

6.03

(-17.48–29.54)

 

6.71

(-6.40–19.82)

 

Relationship with parents (compared to peers)

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

Worse

5.32

(-8.18–18.81)

 

10.41

(1.89–18.93)

 

Likewise

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Better

-7.15

(-11.41 - -2.89)

 

-3.23

(-6.29 - -0.19)

 

Having at least one migrant parent

 

0.445

 

0.107

Yes

1.72

(-1.71–5.16)

 

2.77

(0.18–5.37)

 

No

Ref.

 

4.61

(1.73–7.49)

 

Const.

21.07

( -3.75–45.90)

0.095

9.65

(-4.61–23.91)

0.183

Adj. R 2

0.3371

 

0.1978