Peer effects of depression between left-behind and non-left-behind children: quasi-experimental evidence from rural China

Table 2 Estimates of Peer effects on depression scores

Variables	LB children		NLB children
Variables	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
LB classmates’ depression scores	− 0.152	− 0.426	0.167***	0.269**
LB classmates’ depression scores	(0.157)	(0.244)	(0.046)	(0.082)
NLB classmates’ depression scores	0.622***	0.816***	0.574***	0.394**
NLB classmates’ depression scores	(0.133)	(0.177)	(0.077)	(0.116)
Student and parent controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Correlated effects controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
School-grade fixed effects	No	Yes	No	Yes
Observations	483	483	1334	1334
R-squared	0.130	0.220	0.142	0.188

Student and parent controls include the child’s gender, age, only-child status, boarding-student status, adjusted self-rated health, mental development, time spent playing online games, guardian’s education, parent’s occupation and family economic status. Correlated effect controls include class size, head teacher’s career duration, gender, education, professional job title and age. Standard errors are clustered at the class level and reported in parentheses. The weight of the inclusion is 1/sample. Significance: *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05

ISSN: 1753-2000