Clinical characteristics of comorbid tic disorders in autism spectrum disorder: exploratory analysis

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of both groups

	Total	ASD only	ASD + tic	p-value^†	p-value^‡
Age, years	6.93 \(\pm\) 3.50	6.68 \(\pm\) 3.37	8.02 \(\pm\) 3.83	< 0.001**
Male (%)	571 (84.1%)	463 (83.6%)	108 (86.4%)	0.519
FSIQ	84.38 \(\pm\) 23.84	81.46 \(\pm\) 24.03	95.37 \(\pm\) 19.76	< 0.001**	0.015*
K-Leiter-R	74.01 \(\pm 25.21\)	73.23 \(\pm\) 24.77	78.56 \(\pm\) 27.41	0.087	0.233
VABS-2	69.34 \(\pm 30.75\)	69.75 \(\pm\) 30.68	67.47 \(\pm\) 31.17	0.056	0.003*

ASD: autism spectrum disorder; FSIQ: full-scale intelligence quotient; VABS-2: Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales; K-Leiter-R: Korean Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised
Continuous and categorical variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and n (%), respectively
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001
^†Mann–Whitney U test
^‡Quede’s rank of covariance, adjusted for age

ISSN: 1753-2000