Immediate and longer-term changes in mental health of children with parent–child separation experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

Wu, Peipei; Wang, Shihong; Zhao, Xudong; Fang, Jiao; Tao, Fangbiao; Su, Puyu; Wan, Yuhui; Sun, Ying

doi:10.1186/s13034-023-00659-y

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

Table 2 Interaction effects (time × group) between immediate and longer-term changes in mental health and parent–child separation experiences

From: Immediate and longer-term changes in mental health of children with parent–child separation experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

Parent–child separation	Depressive symptoms				Anxiety symptoms				Non-suicidal self-injury				Suicidal ideation				Suicide plan				Suicide attempt
Parent–child separation	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P	B	CI (lower)	CI (upper)	P
Before and May 2020
Change × no separation	Ref
Change × childhood	0.03	−0.45	0.51	0.902	−0.12	−0.64	0.39	0.635	0.13	−0.38	0.63	0.628	−0.21	−0.64	0.22	0.342	0.05	−0.52	0.63	0.138	0.45	−0.32	1.22	0.254
Change × recent	0.42	−0.19	1.04	0.176	0.14	−0.54	0.82	0.681	0.33	−0.35	1.01	0.336	0.07	−0.51	0.65	0.803	0.53	−0.17	1.22	0.855	1.01	0.13	1.89	0.024
Change × prolonged	0.80	0.37	1.24	0.000	0.23	−0.28	0.74	0.377	0.67	0.19	1.15	0.006	0.67	0.27	1.07	0.001	0.77	0.26	1.27	0.003	1.04	0.35	1.73	0.003
Before and Oct. 2020
Change × no separation	Ref
Change × childhood	0.23	−0.23	0.68	0.332	0.09	−0.41	0.58	0.733	0.35	−0.32	1.03	0.306	0.21	−0.19	0.61	0.298	0.29	−0.27	0.85	0.111	0.37	−0.46	1.19	0.386
Change × recent	0.31	−0.33	0.95	0.339	0.01	−0.73	0.74	0.987	0.47	0.01	0.92	0.046	0.21	−0.36	0.79	0.468	0.59	−0.14	1.32	0.311	0.63	−0.43	1.68	0.244
Change × prolonged	0.47	−0.01	0.94	0.054	0.36	−0.15	0.87	0.162	0.81	0.35	1.27	0.001	0.63	0.22	1.04	0.002	0.76	0.22	1.30	0.006	1.00	0.28	1.73	0.007
Before and Oct. 2021
Change × no separation	Ref
Change × childhood	−0.13	−0.91	0.64	0.733	0.31	−0.15	0.77	0.190	0.11	−0.65	0.86	0.784	−0.01	−0.64	0.62	0.972	0.48	−0.06	1.02	0.058	0.69	−0.06	1.44	0.072
Change × recent	0.19	−0.29	0.67	0.434	0.26	−0.41	0.94	0.445	0.66	0.22	1.11	0.003	0.40	−0.00	0.80	0.050	0.69	−0.02	1.41	0.080	1.30	0.45	2.14	0.003
Change × prolonged	0.63	0.15	1.10	0.010	0.76	0.30	1.22	0.001	0.69	0.20	1.18	0.006	0.79	0.37	1.20	0.000	0.87	0.34	1.40	0.001	1.44	0.80	2.09	0.000
Before vs during COVID-19 (average)
Change × no separation	Ref
Change × childhood	0.11	−0.23	0.45	0.512	0.09	−0.27	0.44	0.636	0.20	−0.30	0.70	0.432	0.12	−0.17	0.41	0.411	0.25	−0.15	0.65	0.029	0.46	−0.09	1.01	0.099
Change × recent	0.18	−0.30	0.65	0.464	0.12	−0.38	0.62	0.632	0.37	0.04	0.71	0.029	0.07	−0.35	0.49	0.744	0.57	0.06	1.08	0.218	0.95	0.31	1.60	0.004
Change × prolonged	0.59	0.26	0.93	0.000	0.45	0.10	0.81	0.012	0.66	0.31	1.01	0.000	0.67	0.38	0.96	0.000	0.77	0.38	1.15	0.000	1.12	0.63	1.62	0.000

^×This indicates interaction effects between time changes in mental health and parent–child separation experience groups

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ISSN: 1753-2000

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