Table 1 Comparison of Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics between Children with ASD with and without a Melatonin Recommendation

Age at diagnosis in months (mean±SD)

35.1 (+-15.3)

41.4 (+-19.3)

0.002 ^a

Sex (% male)

88 (82%)

989 (79%)

0.561 ^C

Ethnicity (% Jewish)

89 (84%)

1001 (82%)

0.705 ^C

ADOS-2 comparison score (mean±SD)

7.7 (+-2.2)

6.9 (+-2.2)

0.002 ^a

DSM-5 severity level (A criteria)

Requiring support

10 (10%)

234 (21%)

0.004 ^c

Requiring substantial support

42 (41%)

496 (44%)

Requiring very substantial support

50 (49%)

391 (35%)

DSM-5 severity level (B criteria)

Requiring support

14 (13%)

290 (23%)

< 0.001 ^c

Requiring substantial support

42 (39%)

575 (46%)

Requiring very substantial support

45 (42%)

263 (21%)

Cognitive score (mean±SD)

71.6 (+-18.6)

76.1 (+-19.9)

0.067^a

ABAS GAC score (mean±SD)

57.3 (+-9.5)

67.3 (+-15.9)

< 0.001 ^a

PLS score (mean±SD)

63.8 (+-24)

62.5 (+-32)

0.780^a

CSHQ

Total sleep score

(mean±SD)

51.8 (+-10.3)

46.1 (+-9.3)

< 0.001 ^a

Sleep onset delay (mean±SD)

2.3 (+-0.8)

1.8 (+-0.8)

< 0.001 ^a

Night wakings (Mean±SD)

5.2 (+-1.8)

4.7 (+-1.7)

0.026 ^a

Sleep duration (mean±SD)

5.1 (+-1.8)

4 (+-1.5)

< 0.001 ^a