Table 2 Characteristics Associated with Discontinuation of Melatonin Treatment

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics

Sex, n (%) males

67 (86%)

1.165

0.397–3.413

0.781

Ethnicity, n (%) Jewish

62 (79%)

0.864

0.294–2.544

0.791

Age at diagnosis in months (mean ± SD)

34.3+-15.6

0.875

0.618–1.239

0.452

ADOS-2 comparison score (mean ± SD)

7.4+-2.2

1.071

0.875–1.312

0.505

DSM-5 severity level (A criteria), n (%)

Requiring support

0 (0%)

0.539

Requiring substantial support

36 (46%)

0.238–1.218

0.137

Requiring very substantial support

39 (50%)

DSM-5 severity level (B criteria), n (%)

Requiring support

4 (5%)

Requiring substantial support

35 (45%)

1.060

0.457–2.458

0.892

Requiring very substantial support

36 (46%)

PLS score (mean ± SD)

63.2+-24.3

0.995

0.975–1.015

0.642

Cognitive score (mean ± SD)

71.9+-18

1.020

0.993–1.047

0.150

ABAS GAC score (mean ± SD)

57.3 +-10.3

0.992

0.929–1.060

0.820

Any medical comorbidity, n (%)

38 (49%)

0.669

0.293–1.530

0.341

Any neuro-developmental comorbidity,^a n (%)

9 (11%)

1.162

0.345–3.909

0.809

Any emotional-behavioral comorbidity,^b n (%)

7 (9%)

0.038

0.000-6.811

0.217

ADHD, n (%)

25 (32%)

0.605

0.245–1.494

0.276

Any other psychoactive medications,^c n (%)

37 (47%)

0.452

0.194–1.052

0.066

Antipsychotic medications, n (%)

19 (24%)

0.729

0.272–1.955

0.530

Stimulant medications, n (%)

15 (19%)

0.796

0.291–2.178

0.657

Treatment characteristics

Age at treatment beginning in months (mean±SD)

51.9 (+-20)

1.118

0.890–1.404

0.336

Final dosage in mg (mean±SD)

3.98 (+-2.7)

0.920

0.769–1.102

0.367

Treatment course

Times per week (mean±SD)

6.3 (+-1.5)

1.385

0.843–2.276

0.199

Continuity (no cessation of more than several days), n (%)

63 (81%)

1.798

0.535–6.040

0.342

Source of medication—imported, as dietary supplement, n (%)

14 (18%)

0.490

0.145–1.656

0.251

Any side effects, n (%)

11 (14%)

1.919

0.710–5.188

0.199