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Table 2 Logistic regression analyses: factors associated with ineffectiveness in ECT treatment for adolescents with severe depressive episode and suicidal behavior

From: Electroconvulsive therapy for adolescents with severe depressive episode and suicidality: retrospective comparison between responders and non-responders

Variables

Unadjusted model

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

ECT sessions (n)

 4 < n

1.00 (Ref)

1.00 (Ref)

1.00 (Ref)

1.00 (Ref)

 4 ≤ n < 8

    

 8 ≤ n < 12

0.08 (0.02–0.32)**

0.09 (0.03–0.29)**

0.08 (0.02–0.29)**

0.05 (0.01–0.20)**

 12 ≤ n < 16

0.13 (0.03–0.68)*

0.16 (0.05–0.56)**

0.17 (0.05–0.61)**

0.08 (0.02–0.34)**

 16 ≤ n

    

Age

  

0.85 (0.74–0.98)*

0.80 (0.68–0.94)**

Psychiatric comorbidities

    

 None

  

1.00 (Ref)

1.00 (Ref)

 OCD

  

9.46 (1.50–59.65)*

10.86 (1.65–71.42)*

Antidepressants

    

 Sertraline

   

1.00 (Ref)

 Escitalopram

   

3.76 (1.21–11.72)*

Antipsychotics

    

 Quetiapine

   

1.00 (Ref)

 Olanzapine

   

0.44 (0.24–0.79)**

 Aripiprazole

   

0.35 (0.18–0.67)**

  1. Results presentation: OR (95% CI). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
  2. Unadjusted model: Included 4 variables such as ECT sessions, Severe side effects of ECT, Previous ECT treatment history, and Days hospitalized
  3. Model 1: Comprised 6 variables including ECT sessions, Previous ECT treatment history, Age, Gender, Family history of psychiatric illness, and Family history of suicidal deaths
  4. Model 2: Built upon Model 1 with a total of 14 variables, adding Disease duration, Psychotic symptoms, Suicide attempts within the last month, Hospitalizations at CQMU, Hospitalizations at other psychiatric hospitals, HAMD Score, and HAMA Score, Psychiatric comorbidities
  5. Model 3: Expanded Model 2 to include 20 variables by additionally incorporating Antidepressants, Fluoxetine equivalent dose, Antipsychotics, Olanzapine equivalent dose, Sedative-hypnotics, and Other anti-anxiety drugs
  6. Note: Mediating variables, Severe side effects of ECT and Days hospitalized were excluded in Models 1, 2, and 3. Mood stabilizers were excluded in Model 3 because they did not participate in the entire the ECT sessions