Articles

Reliability of the Luganda version of the Child Behaviour Checklist in measuring behavioural problems after cerebral malaria

No measure of childhood behaviour has been validated in Uganda despite the documented risks to behaviour. Cerebral malaria in children poses a great risk to their behaviour, however behavioural outcomes after ...

Authors: Paul Bangirana, Noeline Nakasujja, Bruno Giordani, Robert O Opoka, Chandy C John and Michael J Boivin

Erratum to: Continuity, psychosocial correlates, and outcome of problematic substance use from adolescence to young adulthood in a community sample

Authors: Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, Susanne Eschmann and Christa Winkler Metzke

Evaluation of the psychometric properties of a modified version of the Social Phobia Screening Questionnaire for use in adolescents

Social phobia (social anxiety disorder - SAD) is a rather common but often undetected and undertreated psychiatric condition in youths. Screening of SAD in young individuals in community samples is thus import...

Authors: Malin Gren-Landell, Andreas Björklind, Maria Tillfors, Tomas Furmark, Carl Göran Svedin and Gerhard Andersson

Irritable mood and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

The terms 'irritable mood' and 'irritability' have been applied to describe and define a variety of different categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). More precise diagnos...

Authors: Daniel J Safer

Better mental health in children of Vietnamese refugees compared with their Norwegian peers - a matter of cultural difference?

There are conflicting results on whether immigrant children are at a heightened risk of mental health problems compared with native youth in the resettlement country.

Authors: Aina Basilier Vaage, Laila Tingvold, Edvard Hauff, Thong Van Ta, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Jocelyne Clench-Aas and Per Hove Thomsen

A pilot study on peritraumatic dissociation and coping styles as risk factors for posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression in parents after their child's unexpected admission to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

To study the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression in parents three months after pediatric intensive care treatment of their child and examine if peritraumatic dissocation ...

Authors: Madelon B Bronner, Anne-Marie Kayser, Hendrika Knoester, Albert P Bos, Bob F Last and Martha A Grootenhuis

Martial arts as a mental health intervention for children? Evidence from the ECLS-K

Martial arts studios for children market their services as providing mental health outcomes such as self-esteem, self-confidence, concentration, and self-discipline. It appears that many parents enroll their c...

Authors: Joseph M Strayhorn and Jillian C Strayhorn

Supportive interventions to enhance the mental health of children - an under-researched field

Authors: Lutz Goldbeck

The practice of child and adolescent psychiatry: a survey of early-career psychiatrists in Japan

Child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP), a subspecialty of psychiatry in Japan, is facing a serious workforce shortage. To resolve this situation, the Japanese government has organized a task force and has been ...

Authors: Masaru Tateno, Naoki Uchida, Saya Kikuchi, Ryosaku Kawada, Seiju Kobayashi, Wakako Nakano, Ryuji Sasaki, Keisuke Shibata, Tomohiro Shirasaka, Muneyuki Suzuki, Kumi Uehara and Toshikazu Saito

Prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM IV mental disorders and their severity among school going Omani adolescents and youths: WMH-CIDI findings

There is a dearth of studies exploring the magnitude of mental disorders amongst adolescents and youths in the Arab world. To our knowledge, this phase 2 survey in Oman is the first nationally representative s...

Authors: Sanjay Jaju, Samir Al-Adawi, Hilal Al-Kharusi, Magdi Morsi and Asya Al-Riyami

Depressive symptoms from kindergarten to early school age: longitudinal associations with social skills deficits and peer victimization

Depressive symptoms in children are associated with social skills deficits and problems with peers. We propose a model which suggests different mechanisms for the impact of deficits in self-oriented social ski...

Authors: Sonja Perren and Françoise D Alsaker

Misrecognition of facial expressions in delinquents

Previous reports have suggested impairment in facial expression recognition in delinquents, but controversy remains with respect to how such recognition is impaired. To address this issue, we investigated faci...

Authors: Wataru Sato, Shota Uono, Naomi Matsuura and Motomi Toichi

Children with disrupted attachment histories: Interventions and psychophysiological indices of effects

Diagnosis and treatment of children affected by disruptions of attachment (out of home placement, multiple changes of primary caregiver) is an area of considerable controversy. The possible contribution of psy...

Authors: Carlo Schuengel, Mirjam Oosterman and Paula S Sterkenburg

Environmental and genetic influences on early attachment

Attachment theory predicts and subsequent empirical research has amply demonstrated that individual variations in patterns of early attachment behaviour are primarily influenced by differences in sensitive res...

Authors: Judit Gervai

Early stress exposure: Concepts, findings, and implications, with particular emphasis on attachment disturbances

Early intervention and preventive interventions are attracting increasing attention in the child and adolescent mental health field because recent research findings offer new insights into risk mechanisms and ...

Authors: Thomas G O'Connor and Mary E Spagnola

Early intervention: Bridging the gap between practice and academia

Authors: Jörg M Fegert and Ute Ziegenhain

Chronicity of sleep problems in children with chronic illness: a longitudinal population-based study

The aim of this study was to examine the chronicity of sleep problems in children with chronic illness, and potential predictors of sleep problems.

Authors: Børge Sivertsen, Mari Hysing, Irene Elgen, Kjell Morten Stormark and Astri J Lundervold

Atomoxetine treatment and ADHD-related difficulties as assessed by adolescent patients, their parents and physicians

The degree of ADHD-related difficulties – reflecting overall impairment, social functioning, and quality of life – may be perceived differently by adolescent patients, parents and physicians. The primary aim o...

Authors: Ralf W Dittmann, Peter M Wehmeier, Alexander Schacht, Anette Minarzyk, Martin Lehmann, Kathrin Sevecke and Gerd Lehmkuhl

A pilot study evaluating a support programme for parents of young people with suicidal behaviour

Deliberate self harm (DSH) is a major public health concern and has increased among young people in Ireland. While DSH is undoubtedly the result of interacting factors, studies have identified an association b...

Authors: Lorna Power, Sophia Morgan, Sinead Byrne, Carole Boylan, Andreé Carthy, Sinead Crowley, Carol Fitzpatrick and Suzanne Guerin

Offense related characteristics and psychosexual development of juvenile sex offenders

This article reports on offense related characteristics and the psychosexual development in subgroups of juvenile sex offenders as measured by the Global Assessment Instrument for Juvenile Sex Offenders (GAIJS...

Authors: Lisette 't A Hart-Kerkhoffs, Theo AH Doreleijers, Lucres MC Jansen, Anton PH van Wijk and Ruud AR Bullens

Alcohol intoxication and mental health among adolescents – a population review of 8983 young people, 13–19 years in North-Trøndelag, Norway: the Young-HUNT Study

The aims of this study were to describe alcohol use among Norwegian teenagers and investigate the associations between mental health problems and alcohol intoxications with focus on age and gender.

Authors: Arve Strandheim, Turid Lingaas Holmen, Lindsey Coombes and Niels Bentzen

A 13-hour laboratory school study of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in school-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 6 to 12 years of age and in adults. In a previous laboratory school study, LDX de...

Authors: Sharon B Wigal, Scott H Kollins, Ann C Childress and Liza Squires

The specificity and the development of social-emotional competence in a multi-ethnic-classroom

Ethnic diversity in schools increases due to globalization. Thus, the children's social-emotional competence development must be considered in the context of a multi-ethnic classroom.

Authors: Katja Petrowski, Ulf Herold, Peter Joraschky, Agnes von Wyl and Manfred Cierpka

The Imperforate Anus Psychosocial Questionnaire (IAPSQ): Its construction and psychometric properties

The origin of the present study was to develop the liaison work between the disciplines of child and adolescent psychiatry and paediatric surgery and nursing, so as to improve the quality of treatment and care...

Authors: Margret Nisell, Ulf Brodin, Kyllike Christensson and Per-Anders Rydelius

Drug monitoring in child and adolescent psychiatry for improved efficacy and safety of psychopharmacotherapy

Most psychotropic drugs used in the treatment of children and adolescents are applied "off label" with a direct risk of under- or overdosing and a delayed risk of long-term side effects. The selection of doses...

Authors: Claudia Mehler-Wex, Michael Kölch, Julia Kirchheiner, Gisela Antony, Jörg M Fegert and Manfred Gerlach

Mental health issues in unaccompanied refugee minors

Previous studies about unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) showed that they are a highly vulnerable group who have greater psychiatric morbidity than the general population. This review focuses on mental healt...

Authors: Julia Huemer, Niranjan S Karnik, Sabine Voelkl-Kernstock, Elisabeth Granditsch, Kanita Dervic, Max H Friedrich and Hans Steiner

The child and adolescent psychiatry trials network (CAPTN): infrastructure development and lessons learned

In 2003, the National Institute of Mental Health funded the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Trials Network (CAPTN) under the Advanced Center for Services and Intervention Research (ACSIR) mechanism. At the tim...

Authors: Mark Shapiro, Susan G Silva, Scott Compton, Allan Chrisman, Joseph DeVeaugh-Geiss, Alfiee Breland-Noble, Douglas Kondo, Jerry Kirchner and John S March

The short-term safety and efficacy of fluoxetine in depressed adolescents with alcohol and cannabis use disorders: a pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial

The objective of this study was to examine whether fluoxetine was superior to placebo in the acute amelioration of depressive symptomatology in adolescents with depressive illness and a comorbid substance use ...

Authors: Robert L Findling, Maria E Pagano, Nora K McNamara, Robert J Stansbrey, Jon E Faber, Jacqui Lingler, Christine A Demeter, Denise Bedoya and Michael D Reed

Health risk behaviours among adolescents in the English-speaking Caribbean: a review

The aim of this paper was to review and summarize research on prevalence of health risk behaviours, their outcomes as well as risk and protective factors among adolescents in the English-speaking Caribbean.

Authors: Rohan G Maharaj, Paula Nunes and Shamin Renwick

Conventional intramuscular sedatives versus ziprasidone for severe agitation in adolescents: case-control study

The objective of this study was to compare intramuscular (IM) ziprasidone to conventional IM medications (haloperidol combined with lorazepam) for the treatment of severe agitation in adolescents (age 12–17).

Authors: William C Jangro, Horacio Preval, Robert Southard, Steven G Klotz and Andrew Francis

Parents' assessment of parent-child interaction interventions – a longitudinal study in 101 families

The aim of the study was to describe families with small children who participated in parent-child interaction interventions at four centres in Sweden, and to examine long term and short term changes regarding...

Authors: Kerstin Neander and Ingemar Engström

The clinical effectiveness of different parenting programmes for children with conduct problems: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

Conduct problems are common, disabling and costly. The prognosis for children with conduct problems is poor, with outcomes in adulthood including criminal behaviour, alcoholism, drug abuse, domestic violence, ...

Authors: Janine Dretzke, Clare Davenport, Emma Frew, Jane Barlow, Sarah Stewart-Brown, Sue Bayliss, Rod S Taylor, Josie Sandercock and Chris Hyde

Estimating the number of children exposed to parental psychiatric disorders through a national health survey

Children whose parents have psychiatric disorders experience an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, and have higher rates of developmental problems and mortality. Assessing the size of this pop...

Authors: Diego G Bassani, Cintia V Padoin, Diane Philipp and Scott Veldhuizen

Morning and evening behavior in children and adolescents treated with atomoxetine once daily for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Findings from two 24-week, open-label studies

The impact of once daily atomoxetine treatment on symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD may vary over the day. In order to capture such variations, two studies were undertaken in children and adolesce...

Authors: Peter M Wehmeier, Ralf W Dittmann, Alexander Schacht, Karin Helsberg and Gerd Lehmkuhl

The Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment Study II: rationale, design and methods

This paper presents the rationale, design, and methods of the Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment Study II (POTS II), which investigates two different cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) augmentatio...

Authors: Jennifer B Freeman, Molly L Choate-Summers, Abbe M Garcia, Phoebe S Moore, Jeffrey J Sapyta, Muniya S Khanna, John S March, Edna B Foa and Martin E Franklin

Change in the direct cost of treatment for children and adolescents with hyperkinetic disorder in Germany over a period of four years

In many developed countries, the treatment of hyperkinetic disorder (or ADHD) consumes a considerable amount of resources. The primary aim of this study was to determine change in the direct cost of treatment ...

Authors: Peter M Wehmeier, Alexander Schacht and Aribert Rothenberger

"...because I am something special" or "I think I will be something like a guinea pig": information and assent of legal minors in clinical trials – assessment of understanding, appreciation and reasoning

The aim of this study is to assess and evaluate the capacities for understanding, appreciation and reasoning of legal minors with psychiatric disorders and their parents and their competence to consent or asse...

Authors: Michael Koelch, Hanneke Singer, Anja Prestel, Jessica Burkert, Ulrike Schulze and Jörg M Fegert

Facts, values, and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): an update on the controversies

The Hastings Center, a bioethics research institute, is holding a series of 5 workshops to examine the controversies surrounding the use of medication to treat emotional and behavioral disturbances in children...

Authors: Erik Parens and Josephine Johnston

Psychiatrists' attitudes towards autonomy, best interests and compulsory treatment in anorexia nervosa: a questionnaire survey

The compulsory treatment of anorexia nervosa is a contentious issue. Research suggests that psychiatrists have a range of attitudes towards patients suffering from anorexia nervosa, and towards the use of comp...

Authors: Jacinta OA Tan, Helen A Doll, Raymond Fitzpatrick, Anne Stewart and Tony Hope

The ethics of psychopharmacological research in legal minors

Research in psychopharmacology for children and adolescents is fraught with ethical problems and tensions. This has practical consequences as it leads to a paucity of the research that is essential to support ...

Authors: Jacinta OA Tan and Michael Koelch

Pharmaceutical research in paediatric populations and the new EU Paediatric Legislation: an industry perspective

A large proportion of medicines used in children are prescribed off-label, and children have often been denied access to new or innovative medications. Because such situation is unethical, the need to obtain p...

Authors: Philippe Auby

Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006 on medicinal products for paediatric use & clinical research in vulnerable populations

Before any medicinal product is authorised for use in adults, it must undergo extensive pharmaceutical consistency and stability tests, toxicological tests and clinical trials to ensure that it is of high qual...

Authors: Birka Lehmann

Recent developments and strategies in pediatric pharmacology research in the USA

Research in pediatric pharmacology has undergone major changes in the last ten years, with an expansion in both publicly and privately funded activities. A number of pharmacokinetics studies and multi-site con...

Authors: Benedetto Vitiello

Special section on psychopharmacology trials in children and adolescents

For the first time, we publish a special section of four related articles in the online, open-access journal Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health.

Authors: Joerg M Fegert

Psychological complications of childhood chronic physical illness in Nigerian children and their mothers: the implication for developing pediatric liaison services

Pediatric liaison services attending to the psychological health needs of children with chronic physical illness are limited or virtually non-existent in Nigeria and most sub-Saharan African countries, and psy...

Authors: Muideen O Bakare, Olayinka O Omigbodun, Olugbenga B Kuteyi, Martin M Meremikwu and Ahamefule O Agomoh

Lack of association of genetic variants in genes of the endocannabinoid system with anorexia nervosa

Several lines of evidence indicate that the central cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) as well as the major endocannabinoid degrading enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid a...

Authors: Timo Dirk Müller, Kathrin Reichwald, Günter Brönner, Jeanette Kirschner, Thuy Trang Nguyen, André Scherag, Wolfgang Herzog, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Peter Lichtner, Thomas Meitinger, Matthias Platzer, Helmut Schäfer, Johannes Hebebrand and Anke Hinney

Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of the identification of hyperkinetic disorders following the introduction of government guidelines in England

Previous studies have suggested that both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis routinely occur in ADHD and hyperkinesis (hyperkinetic disorders). England has introduced governmental guidelines for these disorders'...

Authors: David M Foreman and Tamsin Ford

Impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on the patient and family: results from a European survey

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience problems with education, interaction with others and emotional disturbances. Families of ADHD children also suffer a significant b...

Authors: David Coghill, Cesar Soutullo, Carlos d'Aubuisson, Ulrich Preuss, Trygve Lindback, Maria Silverberg and Jan Buitelaar

The occurrence and nature of early signs of schizophrenia and psychotic mood disorders among former child and adolescent psychiatric patients followed into adulthood

This investigation was designed to characterize psychotic disorders among patients originally treated as in- and outpatients by child and adolescent psychiatric services and subsequently followed-up into mid-a...

Authors: Ulf Engqvist and Per-Anders Rydelius

Correlates of loneliness among university students

The purpose of this study was to investigate level of loneliness, essential needs during university education, and relationships between loneliness, essential needs, and characteristics of university students....

Authors: Ugur Özdemir and Tarik Tuncay